Child car seat law. Rules and requirements for transporting children in a car according to traffic rules

Small children in a car are always an increased responsibility for the driver. To protect the life of a child who is a passenger in a vehicle, experts recommend, and the Rules of the Road require the use of special devices.

Small children in a car are always an increased responsibility for the driver. To protect the life of a child who is a passenger in a vehicle, experts recommend, and the Rules of the Road require the use of special devices. On December 1, 2016, new requirements were introduced, which obligated the child to be transported only in a special child car seat. This means that any other restraints in the form of boosters or adapters are outlawed. How to transport children correctly? What recommendations do experts give for transporting children? What will change for drivers of passenger vehicles carrying a child in 2019?

Features of transporting children in a car

Not all road users know that cars are equipped with standard seat belts designed for passengers at least 150 cm tall. The Rules of the Road provide for a rule that allows passengers over 12 years old to be transported without restraints. This age is not set by chance: according to legislators, it is by the age of 12 that most teenagers acquire the complexion for which regular car seat belts are designed.

Transporting a younger child today is allowed using any devices, the list of which, unfortunately, includes restraints that do not guarantee full protection. We are talking about all kinds of adapters and boosters, which, at least, are ineffective in side impacts. In general, such products are currently not subject to certification, which means that it is extremely reckless to trust the life of a child to a dubious plastic stand.

Fine for transporting children in a car

The amount of penalties for violation of the rules for transporting children is given in paragraph 3 of Art. 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. In 2019, for non-compliance with the requirements of the traffic rules (“Transportation of children”), the driver is issued a fine of 3,000 rubles. Such a violation will “cost” 25,000 rubles to an official, and 100,000 rubles to a legal entity. For adult passengers whose transportation is carried out with violations, the legislation provides for a milder punishment - a fine of 500 rubles.


It must be understood that road users will not be able to avoid bringing to administrative responsibility, both if there is no special car seat in the car, or if it is installed incorrectly. The necessary technology for mounting a child car seat is usually given in the instructions for the product.

What changes were made to the legislation in 2016?

On December 1, 2016, amendments to the traffic rules came into force, which made it mandatory to transport a child under the age of 12 on restraints made in the form of car seats. It is believed that only in this case, small children will be provided with maximum safety, both when placing such passengers in the front seat, and when installing a car seat anywhere in the large rear seat. Transportation of children according to the new rules will also ensure the effective operation of standard seat belts, regardless of the reasons that caused the vehicle to get into an accident (frontal or side impact, rollover of the car, etc.)

Corresponding changes were made to paragraph 22.9 of the SDA and entered into force on the first day of winter 2016, which is largely due to the traditional deterioration of the road situation for this time, associated with cold weather, heavy rainfall and icing of roads.

The new rules for the transportation of children are designed to reduce the damage to their health and life, so ignoring such requirements can always be regarded as a negligent attitude towards the fate of small passengers. Remember that regular seat belts can only protect the child if they are used correctly: they must pass clearly along the level of the chest and lower back, tightly fitting to the body. It is possible to provide such conditions for undersized passengers only when using special car seats.


It is worth considering other recommendations of experts on transporting children in a car:

• The safest place to install a child car seat for a child will be the central place in the rear seat.
• The best protection is provided by restraints, the design of which implies a secure attachment of the product to the main seat, as well as the presence of 5-point seat belts (with such a car seat, small children receive protection, including when the car rolls over).
• It is strictly forbidden to transport children in a car, holding them in your arms (studies show that in the event of an accident, the speed of moving a child in your arms increases by 7-8 times).

Additional related materials:

Standard tax deductions for personal income tax for children in 2019: sample application Penalty for lack of OSAGO insurance in 2019
Tachograph on trucks 2019: how to get around the law from April 1, 2015 and whether it is necessary to install a tachograph on a truck for an individual Oncoming traffic ticket

Every driver is responsible not only for himself, but also for his passengers. If there are children in the passenger compartment, then additional responsibility is imposed on the driver. Since 2016, new rules for transporting children have been in force, which we will talk about.

Any vehicle is designed so that the built-in seat belts are only effective for passengers over 150 inches tall. When transporting children whose height is less than 150 centimeters, it is imperative to use a car seat, both in the back and in the front seat.

Many laws and sources indicate that children can be transported without a car seat from the age of 12, but this only means that usually by this age children already grow above 150 centimeters and integrated seat belts can be used when transporting them. If, however, built-in belts are used to fix a child, then they can simply put pressure on a child under 12 years old on the neck; in an accident, the child can slip out of the belts and get injured.

It is also strictly forbidden to keep children in the arms of one of the parents or other adults when moving, since in the event of an emergency, the weight of the baby increases tenfold and it will be a big problem to keep it.

Clause 22.9

In the traffic rules of the Russian Federation there is clause 22.9. It regulates the rules for the transportation of children. To clarify this point, it will be necessary to say the following things. Other means in question are different holding structures, even those that were made independently. But at the same time, they must correspond to the weight and height of the child. Each car has the ability to fasten such a retaining structure.

It is strictly forbidden to transport children in the arms of their parents, it is very dangerous. With the speed allowed in the city and an accident, the weight of the child grows by 25-30 times and it is very problematic to keep the baby from being hit. In addition, an unrestrained adult could press his body against the child in an accident and injure him.

Where and how best to install a child car seat

Traffic rules of the Russian Federation 2016 allow children to be transported both in the front and in the back seat of a car, this is no violation. But before placing a child in the front seat in a car, according to the SDA of the Russian Federation 2016, it is imperative to turn off the airbags. In the event of a collision, the pillow will hit the child in the back and may harm him.

The best place to install a child car seat is in the center of the rear seat. This place in the car is the safest and is ideal for transporting children of any age in a car.

Types and types of child seats

Before buying your child a child car seat, you need to understand what type of seat you need. For children from 0 to one year old, you need a seat that will be mounted on the front or back seat of the car. In this case, the baby will be fastened in the chair with a belt that will cross his stomach. Or the baby can be fixed in a reclining position and fastened with a three-point belt.

Also in the car, you can use a chair from zero years old, in which the baby will half-sit, while it is better to position the device with your back relative to the movement of the car.

For children from one year to 4 years, it is better to use seats in which the child is secured with five-point harnesses. Such a seat can be placed both in the rear and in the front seat and this will not be a violation of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation 2016.

From three to seven years old for children in the car, you can use seats that have backrest adjustment. In this case, the passenger is fastened with regular car belts.

For older children from 7 to 12 years old, the chairs have some design features. For example, the back of the chair is detachable in case a child under 12 grows out of such a chair. The device also has a limiter for the upper strap of the belt.

When choosing a seat to transport a child in the front or rear seat, parents should be in the mood for a serious purchase, but it is also necessary to consult with the child. It is best to choose a chair for children under 12 years of age with a fitting, the baby should be as comfortable as possible there.

Then transportation, both in the front and in the back seat, will be as comfortable as possible for both the baby and the parents, and the traffic police will not be able to fine the driver for violating the rules for transporting children under 12 years of age in 2016.

What is the penalty for improper transportation of children

Not so long ago, changes came into force in the rules for transporting children in cars in the back and front seats and for violating the rules of the road of the Russian Federation in this area. Now, for drivers, improper transportation of children in a car is punishable by a fine of 3,000 rubles. At the same time, as the law says, a violation is not only the absence of a special seat for children under 12 years old, but also its incorrect installation.

It is the duty of both drivers and parents to ensure that the child is transported in the car only in a special seat, otherwise you will have to violate the rules of the road and then pay a large fine.

What changes happened in 2016

In 2016, some changes were made to the traffic rules of the Russian Federation by a legislative act that regulated the transportation of children in a car. According to the current traffic rules, if the baby has not reached the age of 12, then it can only be transferred in a special chair.

At the same time, traffic police officers insist that if the baby has reached a height of more than 150 cm, then a chair is not required. But in this situation, it is best to act according to the rules and use special child restraints. Also, the changes in 2016 touched on the fact that it is imperative to use either car seats or boosters and no other devices.

In the bus

Since 2016, changes have also affected the transportation of children on the bus. Now the rules for organized transportation of a group of children have become tougher. Now the bus must be no older than ten years from the date of issue. Also, the bus must have tachographs, as well as a satellite dish for navigation.

In addition, the rules for organized transportation of a group of children imply that children under 7 years old can be transported on a bus for no more than three hours. If the journey should last more than four hours, then from 2016 children must be accompanied by a health worker, and there must be food on the bus to feed the children while driving.

In airplane

As for the transportation of children under 12 years old on an airplane, there are no age restrictions on the flight. But doctors recommend flying with babies who have already reached the age of three months.

Usually, children under two years old are transported on an airplane on the lap of an adult and a separate seat is not required for the crumbs. For children up to six months, you can order a special cradle, especially if the flight is long. The carrycot comes with disposable underwear. If you have the opportunity, you can bring your stroller to the plane. When the baby turns two years old, he will need to buy a separate ticket for him.

New rules for transporting children in cars. Car seat selection!

Children are the most unprotected category of citizens, including when transported in a car. In 2016, the transportation of children in a car must be carried out with certain traffic rules, we will talk about them directly in this article.

Children in the car, rules

According to the new rules in 2016, drivers of vehicles will face more severe penalties for transporting children without special equipment.

Until 2013, a violation when transporting children in a car was punishable by a small fine of 500 rubles. In 2016, for this offense, we are talking about a very significant fine of 3 thousand rubles.

Important! The absence of child restraints is not a weighty argument and justification for traffic police officers!

A fine is imposed for the carriage of children under 12 years of age, without special child restraint equipment. The thing is that regular seat belts are designed for passengers with a height of more than 1.5 meters.

Important! In addition to the direct lack of special children's equipment for transportation, a fine is also imposed for its incorrect installation!

Transportation of children in a car 2016

According to the traffic rules of 2016, the transportation of children under 12 years of age must be carried out using special fastening equipment, namely:

• Up to 6 months - a special baby car seat or child seat for the smallest.
• Up to 12 years - a special child seat.

The law also contains the wording “other means”, but we will talk about it later.

Carrying a child without a seat

Transportation of children without a special restraint is strictly prohibited by the law of the Russian Federation, for this offense the driver is punishable by a fine.

As mentioned earlier, the fine for transporting a child without a special restraint is 3,000 rubles. At the same time, prices for child seats fluctuate between 2-4 thousand rubles. As we can see from the above data, it will be much more profitable to buy a special restraint and be calm for the safety of your child than to regularly pay this fine.

Important! Of course, when stopped by a traffic police officer, you can say that the child has already reached the age of 12. Traffic police officers do not have the right to require a birth certificate. At the same time, the child should look at least approximately 12 years old. But it should be remembered that the pursuit of savings very often leads to very sad consequences!

Child restraint

As mentioned earlier in the article, there are two types of child restraints. The first is car seats, used for the smallest passengers. The second is car seats designed for use up to 12 years.

Car seats are used for small children up to 6 months. Due to their size and design features, they are installed across the rear seats of the car. It is fixed with the usual standard vehicle belts, and the child himself is securely fastened with the belts that the infant carrier has.

The infant car seat takes up a lot of space in the car. On the other hand, it provides an optimal, safe and comfortable position for the baby. As an alternative, there is a car seat for small children.

Car seats are suitable for children up to 12 years of age. The car seat is directly fastened with standard seat belts, or with specially designed brackets that come with it. As a rule, child car seats have the ability to adjust the angle of the backrest.

Important! For the smallest passengers, special rollers are used to fix the head in a quality manner!

Child car seats are divided by age and weight category into five main groups. Transportation of a child in an inappropriate group seat is also punishable by law. When traveling in a car seat, the child should feel as comfortable as possible.

Child seat belts

Transportation of children in a vehicle up to 12 years old can also be carried out using special boosters and adapters for seat belts.

In the law of the Russian Federation, it is they who are meant by the wording "other means to fasten the child with the help of seat belts."

And so, let's analyze what an adapter and a booster are:

• The adapter is essentially a metal element that lowers the seat belt to the child's chest. It is the cheapest and absolutely ineffective way of protection. Under the load that occurs when a car crashes, the adapter simply breaks.

• The booster is the lower part of the car seat, that is, in essence, a car seat without a back and belts. Also not very efficient.

Important! These child restraints for transportation in a car do not provide adequate safety. Like it or not, regular seat belts are designed for an adult, and not for small children.

Boosters and adapters are still legal, but they can only be used in the rear seats.

Child in the front seat

In the legislation of the Russian Federation, there are no restrictions on the transportation of children in the front seat, but subject to ensuring the proper safety of the child. So for a child under 12 years old when transported in a vehicle in the front seat, you must use a special car seat.

In addition, to transport a child under 3 years of age in the front passenger seat, the car seat must be placed backwards, that is, facing the seat. In this case, you should turn off the airbag in advance, since if it is triggered, it can cause significant harm to the child.

Children over 3 years of age must be seated facing forward. The airbag must be turned on.

Important! According to all crash tests and studies, the most dangerous place in the car is the front passenger seat. For this reason, you should think thrice before placing a child on it!

Carrying children in your arms in a car

The carriage of both infants and older children in the arms is strictly prohibited by the law of the Russian Federation. For the transportation of infants in a vehicle, it is necessary to use a special baby carrier. Which is installed in the back seat.

Outcome

• Children under 12 are the most vulnerable category of passengers in a vehicle. For their transportation, it is necessary to use special devices, and the reason for this, first of all, should be the safety of the child, and not a fine.
• For the transportation of infants, it is necessary to use specially designed baby cradles.
• The fine for violation when transporting children is 3,000 rubles. It is much more cost-effective to purchase a special device than to regularly pay a fine, in addition, you will ensure the proper safety of the child.
• Adapters and boosters are not prohibited by law and by purchasing them you will save. So the price of the adapter most often does not exceed 500 rubles. But it should be remembered when using them, first of all, you endanger the child.
• Studies show that the use of infant carriers and car seats reduces the risk of injury to a child in a traffic accident by more than 60%.

This is where our article ends. We hope it was useful for you. And remember, safety is never superfluous, especially for children.

According to clause 22.9 of the SDA, transportation of children under the age of 12 in vehicles is prohibited without restraints. And the law does not regulate in any way the question of which particular restraint should be used in this case. . But the local traffic police for some reason issue a fine to everyone whose young child is in a car not in a child car seat. Regardless of the fact that he (the child) may be fixed by another device intended for this purpose. And the position of inspectors in such cases is supported by many courts.

As it turns out, they support it in vain, since the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation has a different position on this issue. Most recently, for example, this body canceled all lower decisions in the case of a driver who transported his child in a car, fixing him with a special FEST restraint device (see Decree of the RF Armed Forces dated February 16, 2017 No. 45-AD17-1).

To better understand the problem, consider this case in detail.

Is it possible to transport a child from FEST: the position of the district court

On April 30, 2016, Citizen K. was stopped by a traffic police inspector and fined 3,000 rubles for allegedly violating the existing rules for transporting people. The violation punishable under part 3 of article 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, according to the traffic police officer, was as follows: K was carrying a child without a child car seat in the seat behind. And the fact that the child was fastened with a FEST child restraint did not in the least embarrass either the representative of law enforcement agencies or the judges of the district and regional courts, who, at the request of a motorist, left the decision of the inspector of the road guard service unchanged. Everything is documented:

• decision of the Verkh-Isetsky District Court of Yekaterinburg dated 06/07/2016;
• decision of the Sverdlovsk Regional Court dated 03.08.2016;
• and the decision of the Deputy Chairman of the Sverdlovsk Regional Court dated October 05, 2016 No.

All of them agreed that the FEST elastic fabric construction, attached to the car's seat belt, did not guarantee proper protection to the minor on the way. Both the traffic police officer and the judges identified this device as just a “belt adapter”. And just something.

Is it possible to transport a child with FEST: the position of the RF Armed Forces

The judge of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation could not agree with colleagues from lower instances. It was he who just reminded everyone of the very paragraph 22.9 of the SDA, which contains a ban on the transportation of children without restraints corresponding to their height and weight. It also says that only in the front seat, babies should be transported using special, truly "children's" restraints. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation indicated that the designs, types and types of such devices are not specified in any way and, accordingly, are not limited in use.

As soon as the FEST device was certified and passed the relevant tests in accordance with the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On the safety of wheeled vehicles" and the National Standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 41.44-2005 "Uniform regulations regarding restraints for children in motor vehicles ”(and the plaintiff submitted all the necessary documents on this matter), it can be used to fix and hold children in the car during transportation. In addition, in the present case, the child was in the back seat of the car. This means that the use of the FEST universal device absolutely does not contradict the corresponding clause in the current traffic rules.

In connection with the foregoing, the judge of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, on completely legal grounds, terminated the proceedings in the case due to the absence of the elements of the offense in it (Resolution of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 45-AD17-1 dated 16.02. regarding K.

Features of using the FEST device and boosters

In general, the traffic police officers often do not take the FEST universal device seriously and fine those who use it to transport children under 12 years old. Decisions of inspectors on this matter are also often subject to appeal in the courts. And some judges so directly indicate in their decisions that this means is not a child restraint (see, for example, the decision of the Kurgan Regional Court of June 30, 2016 in case No. 4A-294/2016 or the decision of the Khabarovsk Regional Court of March 3 2016 in case No. 21-165/2016).

In other courts, FEST is recognized as a restraint, but only when it comes to transporting a child in the back seat of a car (here, for example, there is a decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Tatarstan dated November 9, 2016 in case 77-2814 / 2016). And for finding a child held by this structure in the front seat, the “penalizing” regulations of the traffic police are already left in force (see the decision of the Tambov Regional Court dated January 16, 2017 in case 7-1 / 2017).

In addition to FEST, the use of so-called "boosters" - special car seats without a back and belts, but with armrests - is equally controversial decisions and decisions entail the use of the so-called "boosters" (on this issue, you can see, for example, the decision of the Sverdlovsk Regional Court dated 10.01. case 72-11/2017).

As for the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, it is always consistent in such cases and does not find violations either in the use of the FEST device as a restraint (including for children), or in the transportation of children sitting in boosters and fixed by "adult" seat belts. There are a number of rulings in support of this, including:

• RF Armed Forces dated July 23, 2015 46-AD15-28;
• and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2015 44-AD15-1.

Rules for transporting children in a car (SDA and GOST)

Most likely, traffic police inspectors bring drivers to administrative responsibility due to the peculiarities of the interpretation of clause 22.9 of the SDA. After all, this paragraph does not classify as "child restraints" devices that allow you to fasten a transported child using structural car seat belts. In paragraph 22.9 of the rules of the road, such means are simply called “other”, and their specific characteristics are not indicated in any way.

However, in such circumstances, one should be guided existing GOST R 41.44-2005 . There, a child restraint is given a fairly clear definition, formulated as "a set of straps or flexible elements equipped with buckles, adjusters or fasteners." In some cases, according to the same definition, we can talk about some kind of additional device (for example, a cradle, chair, seat or shock screen) attached to the inside of the vehicle body. In this case, the design may not be solid and only partially restraining (the same booster or FEST), but complete with car seat belts, it must be a completely reliable child restraint (clause 2.1.3 GOST R 41.44-2005).

However, it should be remembered that the main goal of any such device is not the absence of fines, but the provision of anti-traumatic protection for a small (by age) passenger in the event of an accident or even just sudden braking. So the choice must be approached with great responsibility:

• a newborn infant must be transported in an infant carrier (clause 2.4.1 and clause 2.4.2 of GOST R41.44-2005);
• older baby - in a child seat (clause 2.4.3 GOST R41.44-2005).

And all holding devices, according to technical requirements, can be divided into groups:

• "0" (for children whose weight is less than 10 kg);
• "0+" (up to 13 kg);
• "I" (9-18 kg);
• "II" (15-25 kg);
• "III" (22-36 kg).

But it is not enough to choose a holding device that is suitable in terms of parameters; it is also important to install it correctly. The structures of groups "0" and "0+", for example, according to clause 6.1.10 of GOST R 41.44-2005, should be mounted against the direction of movement of the vehicle. And in order not to be mistaken with the rest of the device groups and individual designs, you must carefully read the installation instructions. It always indicates how to mount - “facing forward” or “backward”.

Important: It is not allowed to install a restraining child car against the movement of the vehicle on passenger seats equipped with airbags (according to clause 3.2.5 of the Requirements for single vehicles put into circulation).

Not all restraints produced today are universal. Some of them belong to the restricted and special categories. These can only be installed on certain vehicles using special fasteners (clause 2.1.2 and clause 6.1.3 GOST R 41.44-2005). Information about this must be indicated in the operating instructions for each device, as well as in a conspicuous place on its packaging.

In order to avoid unnecessary expenses and purchase a device that is really necessary for a specific driver for specific purposes, it is better to consult with sellers of specialized departments about the purchase, without relying solely on your own knowledge in this area.

Draft amendments to the SDA

In 2016, a draft amendment to the SDA was developed in the expert apparatus of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It proposes to delete the wording about “other” restraints from paragraph 22.9. If the bill receives appropriate support, only “child restraint systems” will remain in this paragraph of the rules (most likely, we are talking only about one-piece structures, that is, car seats), as the only possible option for transporting children under 7 years old in the vehicle.

As for children from 7 to 11 years old, the text of the aforementioned project allows them to be transported both using restraint systems and using standard car seat belts, but only when placed in the back seat of the vehicle.

The adoption of the project would probably solve the problem of controversy on this issue, and also removed another one - the lack of restraints on the market for children who are not yet 12 years old, but who already weigh more than 36 kg.

By the way, some experts in the field of traffic safety are sure that the transportation rules should not contain requirements for the age of the child, but requirements for his height. This is much more important. And it is very unreliable to focus on some age “standard parameters” when it comes to children. Because there are simply no standards here.

But even those amendments that have been made to the draft are still under consideration. To date, there are no changes that would relate to the rules for transporting children.

How to pay a fine for a "child seat" and not get it again?

⚡️What is a child seat? In what cases is there a fine for not doing so? How to pay a fine for not having a DUU (Child Restraint Device). Why it doesn't make sense to buy cheap child seats, especially in 2019 (changes)?

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Article of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation 12.23 part 3

Amendments to the law on child seats of July 12, 2017 (approved by a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 3, 2017).

In the summer of 2017, significant changes were made to the rules for transporting children in road transport. Significant innovations for 2019 include:

1. The ban on leaving children under the age of 7 in the car (a fine of 2.5 tr. for Moscow and St. Petersburg and 500 rubles for the rest of Russia) is enshrined in clause 12.8 of the SDA of the Russian Federation, and liability for non-compliance with the rule is in clause 1 Art. 12.19 Administrative Code of the Russian Federation.
2. Children aged 7 to 11 are now allowed to carry without a child seat, but only in the back row of seats and with fastened seat belts (changes in paragraph 22.9 of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation),
3. The concept of "other devices" used by parents who put a pillow under the child's belt has been cancelled.
4. Children under the age of 12 are officially prohibited from becoming passengers of motor vehicles.

According to the traffic police of Russia, in particular, clause 22.9 of the SDA is now set out as follows: “The transportation of children under the age of 7 years in a car, the design of which provides for seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX child restraint system, must be carried out using child restraints systems (devices) corresponding to the weight and height of the child.

Transportation of children aged 7 to 11 years (inclusive) in a passenger car designed for seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX child restraint system must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or using seat belts , and in the front seat of a car - only with the use of child restraint systems (devices) corresponding to the weight and height of the child. Violation here, as before, is estimated at 3,000 rubles.

The recovery of the traffic police for a child seat is one of the offenses for which police officers have not yet been expelled. Although this idea is being discussed.

The following is a basic article about child seats in the Russian Federation

A child car seat is the main element of protecting the life and health of a child in the event of an accident, sudden maneuvering and braking. The presence of a child car seat protects the child from serious injury, and the driver from fines from the traffic police. And it doesn't matter if we're talking about Moscow or any other region.

Child car seat in Russia: statistics

It was only in 2007 that our state began to show active attention to the problems of children maimed and dying in road accidents. Despite the fact that by that time the child car seat was already 72 years old.

It was at this time (in 2007) that the legislator introduced the terms child seat and child restraint into circulation. However, initially the traffic police fine for the absence of "children's helpers" turned out to be purely symbolic and was equated to ordinary unfastened seat belts, amounting to 500 rubles.

The measure was not very effective, small sanctions did not frighten drivers, the market for devices was poorly developed, and traffic police officers were cold due to the small size of the fine for checking for child seats.

Everything changed on September 1, 2013, when the amount fine for not having a child seat overnight rose 6 times, up to 3,000 rubles for each capture of a child in a car without a child seat.

A special article of the Code of Administrative Offenses 12.23 part 3 appeared. Traffic police fine for a child was raised to the price level of the average restraint. Such a ball, according to the legislator, should have encouraged even those drivers who carry children in a car to purchase a seat, but do not see incentives for themselves to purchase a child seat.

To say that the company against transporting children without seats by 2013 is overdue is like saying nothing. Until now, Russia annually loses 500 kids and schoolchildren killed and about 9,000 injured in road accidents. At the time of the introduction of chairs, the numbers were several times higher.

As a result of illiteracy or pseudo-economy, motorists in Russia consider the presence of a child seat a trick of officials designed to squeeze the last money out of a citizen.

Behind the belief in conspiracy theories, the topic of children's health is lost, the percentage of their survival in an accident in cars that are not equipped with special protective equipment.

The main problem of a modern car in terms of safety is not universality. Machines are adapted to fight for the life and health of adults only. Children, due to their weight and height, do not fit into existing standards. A car without special restraints is not designed to fight for their safety in the event of an accident. Toddlers slip out from under normal seat belts, interact poorly with airbags, and come into contact with body parts with incorrect vehicle trim.

Be that as it may, in 80% of cases of death could have been avoided using even the simplest child seats. According to the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, car seats reduce the risk of fatal accidents for infants under one year old by 71%, and for children 1 to 4 years old by 50%.

Penalty for a child without a seat (special child restraint) 3,000 rubles (with a discount of 1,500 rubles if paid in the first 20 days)

The fine for a child in a car without a seat is clearly built into the legal mechanism of the Russian Federation. There are references to it in

• Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 196-FZ "On Road Safety"
• Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses" dated December 30, 2001 N 195-FZ
• Federal Law of 07.02.2011 N 3-FZ "On the Police"
• Criminal Code of the Russian Federation No. 63-FZ dated June 13, 1996
• Civil Code of the Russian Federation (part one) dated November 30, 1994 N 51-FZ
• Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Part Two) dated January 26, 1996 N 14-FZ
• Rules of the road of the Russian Federation.

The transportation of children in the car is now regulated by Paragraph. 22.9 SDA RF:

Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and in the front seat car - only with the use of child restraints.

However, the Code of Administrative Offenses is the motorist's handbook. It is in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation that Article 12.23 is present, which describes cases of “Violation of the rules for transporting people”. As mentioned earlier, in 2013, part 3 appeared in it, regulating the issue of transporting a child in a car - “Violation of the requirements for transporting children established by the Rules of the Road”.

It entails the imposition of an administrative fine for the chair:

• for an ordinary driver in the amount of three thousand rubles (3000 rubles);
• for officials - twenty-five thousand rubles (25,000 ₽);
• for legal entities - one hundred thousand rubles (100,000 rubles).

(as amended by Federal Law No. 138-FZ of May 1, 2016)

Due to distortions in the existing rules for the transportation of children, fines for not having child seats is planned to be corrected in the near future. Boosters and adapters (belt pads) are likely to be banned sooner or later. At a minimum, their use will be limited in the case of very young children. At the same time, the amendments will make it possible to transport tall children under the age of 12 and children with disabilities without a seat, whose legal status in connection with moving in a car is not currently taken into account.

You can pay a traffic police fine for a child seat.

Having noticed a child without a seat in the car, a police officer will definitely stop your car. The list of documents required for presentation includes the OSAGO policy. If it is not there or the document is expired, the driver will be issued.

Fine for a child in a car in human language

If we move away from dry clerical formulations, we get the following. A fine for a child in a car is issued if the child is under 12 years old and the car is not equipped with any LEE (Child Restraint Devices), including seats.

A fine can be issued by any traffic police officer who finds a child in a car separately from special restraints. In other words, if you have the most expensive and perfect child seat in your car, but the children do not move in it, the traffic police fine cannot be avoided.

The best way to organize the movement of a child in a car lies in the field of expensive child seats made of high quality materials that have passed all possible certifications and crash tests. Such a device will not only significantly reduce the risk of death and injury in an accident, but also add comfort to the child. In some cases, good child seats can even have a beneficial effect on the spine and posture of the baby.

However, an inexpensive domestic chair can also provide a relatively acceptable level of protection, subject to the availability of basic certificates. The main thing is that the child uses it on an ongoing basis.

Another option for a special tool is child restraints of limited functionality - various boosters, seat belt clips and "half cradles". Most of the testers consider the use of such ersatz devices to be at least useless in terms of improving safety in the process of transporting children. However, if such a thing falls under GOST R 41.44-2005, it can be used to protect against fines for not having a seat. These decoy devices do not save children in an accident, but they are inexpensive and at the same time protect from fines, which bribes many irresponsible domestic drivers.

Proper seating is very important. Still don't believe? Then get acquainted with excerpts from our material about.

History of car fines for transporting children without a seat

The car and its safety systems have always been and are calculated for an average accident involving adults. Things, animals and children do not fit into the basic scenario. In order to maximize the safety of an accident in alternative situations, it is necessary to turn to the help of special devices. For bulky things, there are stretch marks and nets, when transporting pets over long distances, they try to place them in a fenced-off space, and special car seats have been developed for children. A small person must use a child seat in cases where his age does not exceed 12 years, height 150 cm and weight less than 36 kilograms.

Initially, the issue of creating a child car seat did not intersect with safety and any fines. The task was simply to fix the baby so that he would not interfere with the driver to drive the vehicle.

The first serious developments in this direction began to appear in the mid-30s of the XX century. Information about one of them was preserved in the form of a note on the pages of the then popular Modern Mechanix magazine. True, to call the device a full-fledged child seat, a modern person will not turn his tongue - the device presented to the world was rather a set of metal brackets and pipes held together by leather straps and ropes. None seat fines At the time, of course, it didn't exist either. It is worth mentioning that at the dawn of the automobile era, cars were not equipped with seat belts, and the very idea of ​​\u200b\u200bholding the body of a child in a fixed position was considered quite revolutionary. Unfortunately, the name of the inventor who laid the foundation for the fight for the health of children in vehicles has not been preserved for history.

In the late 30s, the idea of ​​a car restraint for children was finalized by an American, whose name has been preserved. Lester Bresson laid down the basic conceptual ideas of the now widespread standard for attaching child seats - Isofix. It was his child seat that had the ability to be rigidly fixed to the car body using a pin mounted in the floor of the vehicle.

The decisive contribution to the struggle for the universal safety of child passengers was made by the so-called Geneva Agreement, adopted in 1958 under the auspices of the UN. The supplement to the international document defined the universal basic rules for ensuring child safety in the car. Separate clauses of the convention were changed and supplemented several times. The latest version, reflecting the current state of affairs, is dated October 16, 1995.

The definition of a global legal framework has spurred the governments of developed countries to adopt amendments to national laws. Like mushrooms after the rain, state standards began to form, separate companies were born, wholly engaged in the development and production of child restraints and chairs on an industrial scale.

The latest massive innovation in the field of child car seats was the introduction by the International ISO Institute, in 1982, of a new ISOFIX fastening system, which significantly reduces the risk of improper installation of a child seat in cars and increases the rigidity (integrity) of the entire structure.

The idea of ​​the ISOFIX system was spied on by Lester Bresson, who at the beginning of the 20th century proposed to fully attach the child restraint to the car body, and ultimately get away from dubious belts, straps and ribbons.

ISOFIX is a child seat installation system that provides a rigid hitch (fastening) between the lower part of the child restraint (seat) and special reciprocal loops located at the base of conventional car seats.

At the moment, such a layout solution allows the user to achieve the easiest and most correct installation of a child seat. Child seats with the ISOFIX system are widely available in Russian stores, but it is important to remember that in order to use the system, your vehicle must have reciprocal loops, that is, it must also comply with the standard ISOFIX.

Today, the fight for child safety on the road has led to the creation of a European standard for the certification of child car seats. ECE R 44/01. The last digit of the standard changes to reflect the use of new technologies and materials. For 2019, the fourth edition of the standard is relevant. ECE R 44 - ECE R 44/04(exactly such an inscription, together with GOST R 41.44-2005 should be looked for on child seats and restraints when purchasing them in Russian stores).

Child car seat how to choose a manufacturer?

A few words about manufacturers of special equipment (children's car seats). Of the large reputable companies that have existed on the market for decades, it is worth highlighting

• German concern Romer(First plastic child seat - Romer Peggy 1971 / First seat with ISOFIX 1997);

• company Recaro, specializing in the production of sports and orthopedic car seats, is currently actively promoting child car seats (the company's first product aimed at child safety in cars, Recaro Start, has gained great fame. In its children's developments, the manufacturer actively uses the experience of rescuing pilots and navigators, accumulated over decades production of rally seats);

• Firm Sparco a well-deserved Italian company, a leader in the development of equipment for motorsports. Since 1978, the brand's engineers have been developing fireproof overalls, protective helmets, seat belts, gloves, handlebars and shoes. One of the important directions of the company is the design and production of child car seats. As with Recaro, a wealth of racing experience is applied to the development of child safety products.

When it comes to child restraints, the beautiful phrase about “racing experience” has a real basis. Who, if not the manufacturers of seats for the most dangerous rally raids on the planet, should know how the human body moves around the car in the event of an accident.

It is important that all listed companies have a rich engineering tradition, experience in similar market segments with high demands (motor racing) and their own testing laboratories. As a rule, the products of these companies deserve the highest marks in independent crash tests. For results we recommend contacting ADAC.

Good Western armchairs include Maxi Cosi, Cybex. Just beware of fakes - the Chinese have learned how to make good copies of branded child car seats that kill children in traffic accidents.

From the products of domestic manufacturers, based on a detailed analysis of reviews on the Internet, you can try to recommend the products of companies Siger And vixen However, 90% of the so-called Russian products on the market are China in disguise - expensive as protection against fines and useless in an accident.

In addition to behavior in an accident, child car seats have a lot of other characteristics. The categories differ in height and weight, the materials used, and fasteners. It is desirable that the surface with which the baby's body comes into contact does not cause skin irritation, breathes and can be easily removed for washing. Some high-quality chairs are overly large and can hardly fit in cars - this is also important to consider.

If you really want to save money on a child seat, including protecting yourself from traffic police fines check out the used options. Children grow up quickly and grow out of chairs with lightning speed. For this reason, the market for used child restraints is brimming with great deals.

If you are fined for a child seat

As noted earlier, traffic police fine for a child seat issued by a traffic police officer on the basis of the absence of a child seat in the car in the presence of a child, or in the absence of a child in a child seat. A child is defined as a person under the age of 12 who is less than 150 cm tall and weighs less than 36 kilograms.

Since the law does not oblige a person to carry documents for a child, as a rule, the age of the child is determined “by eye”.

The traffic police fine for a child seat is now 3,000 rubles. 70 days from the date of drawing up the protocol are given to pay the fine. Contrary to popular belief, a 50% discount applies to the traffic police fine for the absence of a child restraint (seat, booster or belt pads). The discount is valid if the fine is paid within the first 20 days.

Instantly pay any traffic fine, including fine for not having a child seat, you can through the convenient online service "".

Traffic police fine for a child seat: legal inconsistencies

The current fine in Russia for child seats is often criticized by motorist parents. There are a lot of problematic moments that he does not take into account:

• Complicated transportation of children with disabilities
• Fined driver continues to move without a seat with a child
• Accelerator children of high stature are required to use chairs
• The law does not stipulate the use of child seats in older cars (without seat belts)

Conclusion

Traffic police fine for not having a child seat appeared out of nowhere and caused a wave of indignation in the ranks of motorists.

“All my life they carried children in their arms and everything was fine, but then there were some fines to undress us completely” - a position common among motorists.

People can be understood, Russians, taught by bitter experience, perceive any restrictions as a personal insult. Meanwhile, fines for transporting children in cars not equipped with restraints are a world standard that has been formed over the past 30 years.

Children extremely negatively endure sudden braking and acceleration, and standard safety equipment is not designed for their small stature and weight. Even a minor accident without a restraint can leave a bright imprint on children's health.