Topics for self-education outdoor games. Plan of work on self-education "An outdoor game as a means of developing basic movements in young children
Job title: Educator
Institution: MADOU "MALVINA"
Locality: Noyabrsk, YaNAO, Tyumen region
Topic: FOR SELF-EDUCATION ON THE TOPIC: "The impact of outdoor games on the development of motor abilities of preschool children"
STAGE-PERSPECTIVE CREATIVE PLAN
MADOU "Malvina" for 2016 - 2017 academic year
on the topic: "The impact of outdoor games on the development of motor abilities of preschool children"
Relevance of the topic.
Analysis of indicators of health, physical and motor development of children of senior preschool age in recent years indicates alarming trends. According to E.N. Vavilova, N.A. Notkina, M.A. Pravdova, Yu.K. Chernyshenko, V.I. Usakov, from 30% to 40% of children of senior preschool age have a low level of motor development. The reasons for this lie in the modern way of life. Psychologists, teachers, physicians note a general trend for children's institutions - a decrease in the motor activity of children (Yu.F. Zmanovsky, M.A. Runova, S.B. Sharmanova, A.I. Fedorov), and for a preschool child, loss in movements is a loss in health, development, knowledge. It is no coincidence that in the program of education and training of children in preschool institutions, the issue of health is in the first place. Outdoor games based on movements that require a lot of energy (running, jumping, etc.) increase the metabolism in the body. They have a strengthening effect on the nervous system of the child, contribute to the creation of a cheerful mood in children. Active movements increase the child's resistance to diseases, causing the mobilization of the body's defenses, improves tissue nutrition, skeleton formation, proper posture and increased immunity to diseases.
During outdoor games, children improve their movements, develop such qualities as initiative and independence, confidence and perseverance. They learn to coordinate their actions and even follow certain rules.
Target:
to study the effect of outdoor games on motor activity in children aged 5-6 years. Hypothesis:
active outdoor games contribute to the process of proper physical development of the child.
Tasks:
1. Fill up the pedagogical piggy bank with new information;
2. Make a file of walks.
3. Make notes of classes, entertainment.
4. To study and analyze the psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the research problem.
5. Organize an experimental verification of the data obtained and test them in practice.
The theoretical and methodological basis was the research of domestic psychologists and teachers on the problems of children's play.
The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the proposed outdoor games with children 5-6 years old.
Form of self-education:
Individual.
Expected result:
Reassessment of pedagogical values, one's professional purpose; desire to improve the educational process.
Reporting form:
Make a consultation for educators on the topic: The impact of outdoor games on the development of motor abilities of preschool children
Conduct parent surveys.
The study of psychological - pedagogical, methodological literature on the topic of self-education
Research result:
Preserve, support and enrich the health of children.
Subject of study:
outdoor game as a means of developing the motor activity of older preschool children.
Achievement of the goal is carried out by solving the corresponding tasks:
1. To study and analyze the psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the research problem.
2. To present a theoretical substantiation of the problem of the development of the physical qualities of preschool children.
3. To reveal the theoretical aspects of the impact of outdoor games on the development of motor abilities of preschool children.
Also, much attention today in preschool institutions is paid to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education - to preserve, support and enrich the health of children. In addition, a serious task is to ensure the highest possible level of real health of kindergarten students, the upbringing of a valeological culture to form a conscious attitude of the child to the health and life of both his own and other people.
“Play is a need for a growing child's body. In the game, the physical strength of the child develops, the body is more flexible, or rather the eye, intelligence, resourcefulness, and initiative develop. The game for them is study, the game for them is work, the game for them is a serious form of education ”- N. K. Krupskaya.
The game is one of the most important means of physical education of preschool children. It contributes to the physical, mental, moral and aesthetic development of the child. A variety of movements and actions of children during the game, with skillful guidance, effectively affect the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, help strengthen the nervous system, the motor apparatus, improve overall metabolism, increase the activity of all organs and systems of the human body, excite appetite and promote strong sleep. With the help of outdoor games, the comprehensive physical development of the child is ensured.
A normally developing child from birth tends to move. Children usually seek to satisfy the huge need for movement in games. To play for them is, first of all, to move, to act.
Outdoor games based on movements that require a lot of energy (running, jumping, etc.) increase the metabolism in the body. They have a strengthening effect on the nervous system of the child, contribute to the creation of a cheerful mood in children. Active movements increase the child's resistance to diseases, causing the mobilization of the body's defenses, improves tissue nutrition, skeleton formation, proper posture and increased immunity to diseases.
During outdoor games, children improve their movements, develop such qualities as initiative and independence, confidence and perseverance. They learn to coordinate their actions and even follow certain rules.
STAGE-PERSPECTIVE CREATIVE PLAN
A. V. Belitskaya
MADOU "Malvina" for 2016 - 2017 academic year
An individual plan for the inter-certification period to improve the professional level of the teacher of the MBDOU "Kindergarten of a general developmental type" Milashkey "of the village of Bikmurazovo, Buinsky Municipal District"
Musina Lilia Faritovna
Plan
self-education educator
senior group
Topic:
Outdoor games in a preschool educational institution.
Target: To develop dexterity, attention, resourcefulness, to show ingenuity, endurance, creative invention, resourcefulness, will and desire to win, correct orientation in space, independent distribution of roles and comradely mutual assistance.
An outdoor game is a natural companion of a child's life, a source of joyful emotions, which has great educational power. Outdoor games are a traditional means of pedagogy.
Outdoor games are an integral part of the artistic and physical education of preschoolers. The joy of movement is combined with the spiritual enrichment of children. They develop a stable, interested, respectful attitude towards culture.
In terms of content, all outdoor games are expressive and accessible to the child. They cause active work of thought, contribute to the expansion of horizons, clarify ideas about the world around us, improve all mental processes, stimulate the transition of the child's body to a higher level of development. That is why the game is recognized as the leading activity of the preschool child.
Kids reflect all their life impressions and experiences in a conditional-playful form, which contributes to a concrete transformation into an image. The game situation captivates and educates the child, and the beginnings and dialogues found in some games directly characterize the characters and their actions, which must be skillfully emphasized in the image, which requires active mental activity from children. In games that do not have a plot and are built only on certain game tasks, there is also a lot of educational material that contributes to the expansion of the child's sensory sphere, the development of his thinking and independence of action. So, for example, in connection with the movements of the leader and a change in the game situation, the child must show a more complex, i.e., instantaneous and correct reaction, since only speed of action leads to a favorable result. Great educational value is inherent in the rules of the game. They determine the entire course of the game, regulate the actions and behavior of children, their relationships, contribute to the formation of the will, i.e. they provide the conditions under which the child cannot fail to show the qualities brought up in him. Games require attention, endurance, ingenuity and dexterity, the ability to navigate in space, the manifestation of a sense of collectivism, coherence of actions, mutual assistance, responsibility, courage, resourcefulness.
The teacher should remember that his main task is to teach children to play actively and independently. Only in this case do they learn to regulate the degree of attention and muscle tension in any game situation, adapt to changing environmental conditions, find a way out of a critical situation, quickly make a decision and implement it, take the initiative, i.e. preschoolers acquire important qualities they need in the future life.
So, outdoor games in combination with other educational means are the basis of the initial stage of the formation of a harmoniously developed, active personality, combining spiritual wealth, moral purity and physical perfection. When working with children, the teacher must remember that the impressions of childhood are deep and indelible in the memory of an adult. They form the foundation for the development of his moral feelings, consciousness and their further manifestation in socially useful and creative activities.
"Swan geese"The participants in the game choose the wolf and the owner, the rest - swan geese. On one side of the site they draw a house where the owner and geese live, on the other - the wolf lives under the mountain. The owner releases the geese into the field for a walk, to pinch the green grass. Geese go quite far from home. After a while, the owner calls the geese. There is a roll call between the owner and the geese:
Geese-geese!
Ha-ha-ha.
Do you want to eat?
Yes Yes Yes.
Swan geese! Home!
Gray wolf under the mountain!
What is he doing there?
Ryabchikov pinches.
Well, run home!
The geese run into the house, the wolf tries to catch them. Those caught are out of the game. The game ends when almost all the geese are caught. The last remaining goose, the most agile and fastest, becomes a wolf.
Rules of the game: Geese should "fly" all over the site. The wolf can catch them only after the words: “Well, run home!”
"Big Ball"
You need a big ball to play. The players stand in a circle and hold hands. The driver with the ball is in the middle of the circle. He tries to roll the ball out of the circle with his feet, and the one who missed the ball between his legs becomes the driver. But he gets around the circle. The players turn to face the center. Now the driver needs to roll the ball into the circle. When the ball hits the circle, the players again turn to face each other, and the one who missed the ball stands in the middle. The game is repeated.
Rules of the game: Players do not pick up the ball during the entire game. They only roll it with their feet.
October
"Silence"
Before the start of the game, all players say the song:
Revenchiki, chervenchiki,
Pigeons flew
On fresh dew, on someone else's lane,
There are cups, nuts,
Honey, sugar -
Silent!
When the last word is said, everyone must be silent. The leader tries to make the players laugh with movements, funny words. If someone laughs or says one word, he gives the presenter a phantom. At the end of the game, the children redeem their forfeits: at the request of the players, they sing songs, read poetry, dance, and perform interesting movements.
Rules of the game: the leader is not allowed to touch the players with his hands. Forfeits for all players should be different.
"Sticky Stumps"
Three or four players squat as far apart as possible. They depict sticky stumps. The rest of the players run around the court, trying not to get close to the stumps. Stumps should try to touch the children running past. Salted ones become stumps.
Rules of the game: Stumps should not get up.
November
"Needle, thread and knot"
The players stand in a circle, holding hands. Choose a needle, thread and knot with a counting room. They all run into the circle one after another, then run out of it. If the thread or knot came off (lagged behind or incorrectly ran out of the circle for the needle or ran into the circle), then this group is considered to be the loser. Other players are selected. The winner is the trio that moved quickly, deftly, correctly, keeping up with each other.
Rules of the game: Needle, thread, knot hold hands. They must be let in and out of the circle without delay and immediately close the circle.
"Owl"
From among the players stands out "owl". Her nest is away from the site. The players on the court are randomly placed. "Owl" - in the nest.
At the signal of the host: “The day is coming, everything comes to life!” - children begin to run, jump, imitating the flight of butterflies, birds, bugs, etc. At the second signal: “The night is coming, everything freezes - the owl flies out!” - the players stop, freeze in the position in which they were caught by the signal. "Owl" goes hunting. Noticing the moving player, she takes him by the hand and takes him to her nest. In one exit, she can get two or even three players.
Then the “owl” returns to its nest again and the children again begin to frolic freely on the playground.
After 2-3 exits of the “owl” to hunt, it is replaced by new drivers from among those who have never caught it.
Rules of the game: It is forbidden for the "owl" to watch the same player for a long time, and the caught one to escape.
December
"Cat and Mouse"
The players (no more than five pairs) stand in two rows facing each other, join hands, forming a small passage - a hole. Cats are in one row, mice are in the other.
The first pair starts the game: the cat catches the mouse, and the mouse runs around the players. At a dangerous moment, the mouse can hide in the corridor formed by the clasped hands of the players. As soon as the cat has caught the mouse, the players line up. The second pair starts the game. The game continues until the cats catch all the mice.
Rules of the game: The cat must not run into the hole. The cat and mouse should not run far from the hole.
Fisherman and fish
The teacher stands in the center of the circle, holds the rope at one end - this is a fishing rod, the children are fish. Passing the rope across the floor, circling, he “catches” a fish. In order not to be caught, the fish jump up and down when the rope approaches. Whoever did not have time to jump is caught and out of the game.
January
"I will freeze"
All children stand in 2 circles. Small inside big. In the middle is Santa Claus. Children, holding hands, walk in a circle - circles go in different directions - to any round dance music. With the end of the musical phrase, the children of the large circle stop, raise their hands up, forming gates, and the children of the small circle run through these gates, fleeing from Santa Claus, who is trying to “freeze” them.
"Flies - does not fly"
Children move freely around the room: running, skipping, circling. The host calls any words (fish, plane, tree ...). If what is named can fly, the children imitate flight; if what is named can swim, they imitate swimming; if it doesn’t swim, doesn’t fly, then the children stop. The most attentive is the one who has never made a mistake.
February
"Stop"
At one end of the court, the players line up. At the other end, with his back to the players, the leader becomes, covers his face with his hands and says: “Walk quickly, look, don’t yawn! Stop!" while the driver pronounces these words, all the players become closer to him as quickly as possible. But with the command "Stop!" they must stop and freeze in place. The driver looks around quickly. If he notices that one of the players did not have time to stop in time and made at least a small movement, the driver sends him back beyond the starting line. After that, the driver again takes the starting position and pronounces the same words. This continues until one of the players manages to approach the driver and stain him before he has time to look back. After that, all the players run for their line, the driver pursues them and tries to tarnish someone. The stained becomes the driver.
"Homeless Bunny"
Among the players, a hunter and a homeless hare are selected. The rest of the players - hares draw circles for themselves, and everyone gets up in his own. The homeless hare runs away, and the hunter catches up with him. A hare can escape from a hunter by running into any circle; then the hare standing in the circle must immediately run away, because now he is becoming homeless and the hunter will catch him. As soon as the hunter caught (tagged) the hare, he himself becomes a hare, and the former hare becomes a hunter
March
"Burners"
The players line up in pairs. A line is drawn in front of the column at a distance of 2 - 3 steps from the players. One of the players - catching - stands on this line. Everyone standing in the column says:
Burn, burn brightly so that it does not go out.
Look at the sky, the birds are flying
The bells are ringing!
One, two, three - run!
After the word run, the children standing in the last pair run along the column, one on the right, the other on the left, trying to grab the hands in front of the catcher. The catcher tries to catch one of the pair before the children have time to meet and join hands. If the catcher manages to do this, then he forms a new pair with the caught one and stands in front of the column, and the one left without a pair becomes the catcher. If the catcher fails to catch one of the pair, he remains in the same role.
The game ends when all players run once. The game can be repeated 2-3 times.
The number of participants should not exceed 15 - 17 people, otherwise the children will have to stand motionless for a long time.
"Ball up"
Children stand in a circle, the leader goes to its middle and throws the ball with the words: “Ball up! The players at this time try to run as far as possible from the center of the circle. The driver catches the ball and shouts: “Stop! ” Everyone should stop, and the driver, without moving, throws the ball at the one who is closest to him. The stained becomes the driver. If the driver misses, then he remains again and the game continues.
April
"Sly Fox"
The players stand in a circle at a distance of one step from each other. Outside the circle, the "fox's house" is outlined. The teacher asks the players to close their eyes. The children close their eyes, and the teacher goes around the circle (behind the backs of the children) and touches one of the players, who becomes a “sly fox”. Then the teacher invites the players to open their eyes and look carefully which of them is a cunning fox - if she is impersonating something.
The players ask in chorus three times (at short intervals) - first quietly and then louder: Where are you, sly fox? While everyone is looking at each other.
When all the players (including the sly fox) ask for the third time, the sly fox quickly goes to the middle of the circle, raises his hand up and says: “I'm here!”
All the players scatter around the site, and the fox catches them. Caught, that is, those that the fox has touched with his hand, step aside.
After the fox has caught 2 - 3 children, the teacher says: "In the circle." The players again form a circle, and the game is repeated.
"From bump to bump"
On the site you need to draw small circles, the diameter of which is 30-35 cm. The distance between the circles is approximately 25-30 cm. These are “hummocks” on the “swamp”, along which the child must cross to the other side. The one who gets over the fastest wins.
May
"Fishing rod"
Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle is the teacher. He holds a rope in his hands, at the end of which is tied a bag of sand. The teacher rotates the rope with the bag in a circle above the ground itself, and the children jump up, trying not to hit the bag.
Previously, the teacher shows and explains to the children how to bounce: push off strongly and pick up their legs.
"Find Your Color"
The teacher distributes flags of 3-4 colors to the children. Children with flags of the same color stand in different places in the hall, near the flags of a certain color. After the words of the teacher “Go for a walk,” the children disperse in different directions. When the teacher says “Find your color”, the children gather at the flag of the corresponding color.
The game may be accompanied by musical accompaniment. As a complication, when the game is mastered by children, you can change the indicative flags in places, placing them in different places in the gym.
June
"Aircraft »
Before the game it is necessary to show all game movements. Children stand on one side of the playground. The teacher says “Ready to fly. Start the engines!" Children make rotational movements with their hands in front of the chest. After the signal "Let's fly!" spread their arms to the sides and scatter around the room. At the signal "To land!" The players go to their side of the court.
"Who's got the ball?"
The players form a circle. The driver is chosen, who stands in the center. The rest of the players move tightly towards each other, hands behind everyone.
The teacher gives someone the ball, and the children pass it to each other behind their backs. The driver tries to guess who has the ball. He says "Hands!" and the one to whom they are addressing must put out both hands. If the driver guessed right, he picks up the ball and stands in a circle. The player from whom the ball was taken becomes the driver.
Bibliography
1. Children's outdoor games of the peoples of the USSR: A manual for a kindergarten teacher / Comp. A. V. Keneman; Ed. T. I. Osakina. – M.: Enlightenment, 1988.
2. Card file of Russian folk outdoor games.
Russian folk outdoor games. M.F. Litvinova. - M .: Iris-press, 2003.
Larisa Ananyeva
Self-education work plan "Mobile game as a means of developing basic movements in young children"
Explanatory note.
Quite often you hear the expression « Movement is life» .
What is this - traffic– for a small child?
Physiologists believe congenital movement a vital human need. Its complete satisfaction is especially important in early and preschool age when all are formed main systems and functions of the body.
Hygienists and doctors claim: without movements the child cannot grow up healthy. Traffic- this is a prevention of diseases, especially those associated with the cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous systems. Traffic is an effective treatment means.
According to psychologists: a small child is a doer! And its activity is expressed, first of all, in movements. The child is born completely helpless. The first knowledge about the world, things and phenomena comes to him through eye movements, language, hands. As soon as the child masters the methods of movement, learns to crawl, and then walk, he is constantly in movement and even the baby acts with objects on the go, rarely sitting down or stopping. Moving, the child learns the world around him, learns to act purposefully in it.
One of the most important tasks of physical education children is the development of basic movements. Basic movements are vital movements, without which it is impossible to do in any kind of activity. These include walking, running, jumping, throwing, climbing.
Features of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system and mental processes in young children are, what movements they are not well coordinated, it is difficult for them to maintain balance, they cannot fully master the technique basic movements. Given these features, adults need to enrich the motor experience children, promote development of their movements.
In solving this problem, effective a mobile game can become a means.
mobile game, as well as games in general, are a necessary vital need for small children. children. They satisfy the desire of the child's body to movement solves a wide variety of tasks. playing, children are animatedly and joyfully exercising in various movements. Getting to know different ways of doing the same things movements enriches independent motor activity children.
Movable games contribute not only movement development, but also clarification children ideas about the surrounding life, the properties of objects. Many games contain texts, which contributes to the activation of verbal communication. children.
AT outdoor games develops memory, attention, imagination. In them, children gain experience in communicating with adults and with each other. Movable games are also a means of developing personal qualities: independence, activity, initiative
GOAL:
Raise the level of professional competence in the educational field "Physical development» ;
-develop basic movements by means of an outdoor game.
TASKS:
The study of methodological literature on the topic "Physical education young children» ;
Creating a file cabinet outdoor games by types of basic movements for young children;
Organization of subject- developing environment in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard;
Making manuals and attributes for outdoor games, purchase of sports equipment;
Education outdoor games for children;
-development of a long-term plan of outdoor games for young children;
Visiting city methodical associations;
Participation in methodological operation of remote control.
EXPECTED RESULTS:
Increasing the professional level;
Children's mastery of species basic movements;
Active participation children in outdoor games.
WORK PLAN.
Month Purpose Content work Results presentation form
September
Raise your professional level in the educational field "Physical development» The study of methodological literature on the topic "Physical education young children» Parent survey
2016 Consultation for parents « Outdoor games for kids»
2016 Prepare a speech for the teachers' council Speech at the teachers' council « The development of children's speech in outdoor games»
2016 Draw up a card index mobile games development and card filing of outdoor games Card file of outdoor games by types of basic movements
2017 Complete the subject Wednesday groups Production of medallions with the image of muzzles of animals, flags and ribbons Acquisition of balls and hoops in a group
2017 Photo exhibition "We play»
2017 Prepare a speech for the teachers' council Speech at the teachers' council "Elements of theatricalization in outdoor games for kids»
2017 Develop a long-term outdoor play plan for young children A long-term outdoor play plan
2017 monitoring
September - May outdoor games(with walking, running, jumping, throwing, climbing, including them in all regime moments.
Visiting methodological associations plan department of education.
Bibliography:
Grigoryeva G. G., Kochetova N. P., Sergeeva D. V. and others. "Baby": education program and early childhood development in the conditions of preschool institutions - 2nd ed. - Moscow "Education" 2010
Aksarina N. M. Education young children - Moscow"Education" 1981
- Baby: program development and education of children up to three years in a family setting. - N. Novgorod, 1996
Daylidene I.P. « let's play, baby"/book for workers preschool institutions and parents / Moscow "Education" 1992
V. A. Shishkina « movement + movement» /book for kindergarten teachers/ Moscow "Education" 1992
Grigoryeva G. G., Kochetova N. P., Gruba G. V. « We play with kids» /games and exercises for young children / Moscow"Education" 2003
E. Fadeeva, A. Trakhanova "Rainbow Jump" program of complex classes with children of primary preschool age, Moscow, 2002
Timofeeva E. A. Movable games with preschool children age - M. 1979
Related publications:
Consultation for teachers "Mobile play as an important means of development for children" Purpose: to expand and deepen the knowledge of teachers on the topic "Outdoor play as an important means of developing DA in preschool children." Relevance.
Consultation for educators "Outdoor games as a means of forming the basic movements of children of primary preschool age" The game is one of the most important means of physical education of preschool children. It promotes the physical, mental, moral.
Self-education plan "Didactic game as a form of speech development for preschool children" Self-education plan Topic: "Didactic game as a form of speech development for preschool children." Relevance: Didactic game.
Self-education plan "Finger games and exercises as a means of developing speech in preschool children" Start date of work on the topic: September 2016 Estimated completion date of work: July 2017 Topic: “Finger games and exercises, how.
Plan for self-education of the educator Finger games and exercises as a means of developing speech in preschool children. State public institution of social services of the Krasnodar Territory "Otradnensky SRTSN" "PLAN FOR SELF-EDUCATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL Educator".
Individual plan
self-education
« THE ROLE OF OUTDOOR GAMES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN»
Physical education instructor
Perelygina N.Yu.
Relevance of the topic
An outdoor game is a conscious, motor activity of a child, which involves the accurate and timely completion of tasks that are associated with the rules that are mandatory for all players. Fascinating content and emotional richness of the game encourages young children to certain mental and physical efforts, and therefore contribute to their development in general. Children of primary preschool age perform game tasks with great pleasure. While playing, the child exercises in various movements. With the help of adults, he masters new, more complex types of actions. Outdoor games are mostly collective, so children develop elementary skills to navigate in space, coordinate their movements with the movements of other players, find their place without disturbing others, run away or change place on a signal. The game helps the child overcome shyness, shyness. In the game, imitating the actions of his comrades, he naturally and naturally performs a variety of movements. The joint actions of young children create conditions for common joyful experiences and vigorous activity. In outdoor games, children learn to play together, give in and help each other. Active motor actions during emotional recovery contribute to a significant increase in the activity of the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, due to which there is an improvement in the metabolism in the body and the corresponding training of various systems and organs.
Target
Improving your professional level in the study of outdoor games; introduction and application of them in work with children.
Tasks
The study of methodological literature on outdoor games.
The study of a theoretical course on the development of motor activity of children.
Creatively apply professional and pedagogical knowledge, taking into account the age, individual, socio-psychological characteristics of preschoolers.
To form a stable interest of children in outdoor games, in an active lifestyle, in the upbringing of moral, strong-willed, moral, aesthetic qualities, and also to expand the motor experience of children by mastering new motor qualities.
STAGES AND TERMS OF PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
STAGES | TERMS |
|
ORGANIZATIONAL AND INFORMATION | The study of literature on the topic of conformity | September-December |
BASIC | Making abstracts of GCD and leisure activities | January-April |
FINAL | Writing a self-education report | May |
Classification of outdoor games for preschoolers
Games are classified: according to complexity, motor content, degree of physical activity, use of aids and equipment, according to the predominant formation of physical qualities.
In the exemplary basic general educational program of preschool education "Birth to School"and in the existing collections of outdoor games, the classification is based on the sign of the predominant type of movement (running or jumping, throwing, climbing, etc.). When selecting for each type of basic movements, continuity between age groups is observed. This helps the instructor to plan games in connection with the formation of certain motor skills in children.
AT collection of M.M. Kontorovich and L.I. Mikhailova, the division of games according to the degree of muscle tension caused in children is accepted: into games of high, medium and low degrees of mobility. Great mobility - the whole group participates (running, jumping, "Craps", "Fifteen") medium mobility - the whole group actively participates, but the nature of the movements is relatively calm (walking, passing objects) low mobility - movements are performed at a slow pace, moreover their intensity is not significant (walking game, attention games, “sea figure”, “Find and keep silent”).
Mobile games are diverse in content and organization. Some games have a story, roles, and rules that are closely related to the story; game actions in them are performed in accordance with the requirements, a given role and rules. In other games, there are no plots and roles, only motor tasks are offered, regulated by rules that determine the sequence, speed and dexterity of their implementation. In the third, the plot of the actions of the players is determined by the text that determines the nature of the movements and their sequence.
All games for preschool children based on movement can be divided into two large groups: outdoor games with rules and sports games.
The first group consists of games that are different in content, in the organization of children, the complexity of the rules and the originality of motor tasks. Among them are plot and plotless games, fun games.
Second group- sport games: towns, badminton, basketball, football. In working with preschool children, they are used with simplified rules.
In the younger groups of the kindergarten, plot-based outdoor games, as well as simple games without a plot, such as traps and fun games, are most used. Plotless games with elements of competition, relay races, games with objects are not yet available to kids. Sports games are not played at this age at all. At the same time, in work with children of primary preschool age, game exercises are widely used, which occupy, as it were, an intermediate place between gymnastic exercises and outdoor games.
Story-driven games
Games of this type are built on the basis of the experience of children, their ideas and knowledge about the life around them, professions (pilot, firefighter, driver, etc.), means of transport (car, train, plane), natural phenomena, lifestyle and habits animals and birds. The plot of the game and the rules determine the nature of the movement of the players. The movements are imitative. Children start, stop or change movements in accordance with the rules of the game.
Plotless mobile games
Plotless games such as traps, dashes are very close to plot ones - they just do not have images that children imitate, all other components are the same: the presence of rules, responsible roles, interconnected game actions of all participants. These games, like story games, are based on simple movements, most often running combined with catching. Such games are available to both younger and older preschoolers.
Plotless games require from children greater independence, speed and dexterity of movements, orientation in space. Gradually, the games become more difficult, with more complex tasks.
Plotless games using certain items
Skittles, Ring Bros, etc.
The players perform more complex movements in them: throwing, throwing and catching or rolling swords, balls, rings. Motor tasks in these games are quite complex and require certain conditions; small groups of children can play. Some elements of individual competition appear in these games.
Game exercises
Outdoor games and exercises are interconnected, however, according to the intended purpose, pedagogical tasks, content and methodology, the game and the exercise are not identical. An outdoor game is based on a certain idea (figurative or conditional). Exercises, on the other hand, are methodically organized motor actions, specially selected for the purpose of physical education, the essence of which is to perform specific tasks ("Crawl to the rattle", "Get into the gate", etc.).
fun games
In working with preschool children, the so-called fun games and attractions are also used. Not being particularly important for physical development, they, however, are often held at leisure, at sports festivals.
Games with elements of competition
(“Whose link is more likely to be built”, “Who is more likely to his flag”, etc.). The basis of such games is the performance of certain motor tasks in accordance with the rules. Elements of competition encourage children to be more active, to display various volitional and motor qualities (speed, endurance, etc.). Games are available to older children (5-6 years old), they are not held in younger groups.
Games with elements of sports games are held only with children of older preschool age according to simplified rules.
Card file of outdoor games for children
Find your color
Purpose: to form orientation in space, to teach to act on a signal, to develop dexterity, attention.
Game progress: the teacher distributes flags of 3-4 colors to the children. Children with flags of the same color stand in different places in the hall, near the flags of a certain color. After the words of the teacher “Go for a walk,” the children disperse in different directions. When the teacher says “Find your color”, the children gather at the flag of the corresponding color.
The game may be accompanied by musical accompaniment. As a complication, when the game is mastered by children, you can change the indicative flags in places, placing them in different places in the gym.
Sun and rain
Purpose: to form the ability to walk and run in all directions, without bumping into each other; learn to act on a signal.
Game progress: children sit on chairs. The teacher says "Sunshine!". Children walk and run around the room in different directions. After the owls "Rain!", They run to their places.
The game can take place with musical accompaniment. After the game is well mastered, words can be replaced with sound signals.
Sparrows and car
Purpose: to form the ability to move in different directions without bumping into each other; improve the ability to respond to a signal, develop orientation in space.
Game progress: children sit on chairs on one side of the hall. These are "sparrows" in nests. On the opposite side is the teacher. He represents a car. After the teacher’s words “Sparrows flew”, the children rise from their chairs, run around the room, waving their arms. At the signal of the teacher “Car”, the children run to their chairs.
After the game is mastered by children, sound signals can be used instead of words.
Train
Purpose: to form the ability to walk and run one after another in small groups, first holding on to each other, then not holding on; learn to start moving and stop on a signal.
Game progress: first, a small group of children is involved in the game. at first, each child holds on to the clothes of the person in front, then they move freely one after another, moving their arms, imitating the movements of the wheels. The role of the locomotive is first played by the educator. Only after repeated repetitions, the role of the leader is entrusted to the most active child.
cucumber... cucumber...
Purpose: to form the ability to jump on two legs in the forward direction; run without bumping into each other; perform game actions in accordance with the text.
Game progress: at one end of the hall - a teacher, at the other children. They approach the trap by jumping on two legs. The teacher says:
Cucumber, cucumber, don't go to that tip,
The mouse lives there, it will bite your tail.
After the end of the chants, the children run away to their house. the teacher pronounces the words in such a rhythm that the children can jump twice for each word.
After the game is mastered by children, the role of the mouse can be entrusted to the most active children.
Mother hen and chicks
Purpose: to improve the ability to crawl under the rope without touching it; develop dexterity, attention; act on a signal; nurture mutual assistance, camaraderie.
Game progress: children depicting chickens along with a hen are behind a stretched rope. The mother hen leaves the house and calls the chickens "ko-ko-ko." At her call, the chickens crawling under the rope run to her. At the words "Big Bird" the chickens quickly run away. When the chickens run into the house, you can raise the rope higher so that the children do not touch it.
run quietly
Purpose: to cultivate endurance, patience, the ability to move silently.
Game progress: children are divided into three groups and line up behind the line. A driver is chosen, he sits in the middle of the site and closes his eyes. On a signal, one subgroup silently runs past the one leading to the other end of the hall. If the driver hears, he says "Stop!" and the runners stop. Without opening his eyes, the driver says which group ran. If he correctly indicated the group, the children step aside. If they make a mistake, they return to their places. So alternately run through all the groups. The winner is the group that ran quietly and that the driver could not detect.
Aircraft
Purpose: to form the ability to move in different directions without bumping into each other; learn to act on a signal.
Game progress: before the game it is necessary to show all game movements. Children stand on one side of the playground. The teacher says “Ready to fly. Start the engines!" Children make rotational movements with their hands in front of the chest. After the signal "Let's fly!" spread their arms to the sides and scatter around the room. At the signal "To land!" The players go to their side of the court.
The game is more emotional with musical accompaniment.
Find your house
Purpose: to form the ability to act on a signal, navigate in space; develop dexterity, attention, the ability to move in different directions.
Game progress: with the help of a teacher, children are divided into groups, each of which stands at a certain place. On a signal, they scatter around the hall in different directions. After the signal "Find your house" - the children should gather in groups at the place where they stood at the beginning.
After mastering the game, the original houses can be swapped. The game is more emotional with musical accompaniment.
rabbits
Purpose: to form the ability to jump on two legs moving forward; develop dexterity, ingenuity, confidence.
Game progress: on one side of the hall, chairs are arranged in a semicircle - these are rabbit cages. On the opposite chair is the watchman's house. Children sit on their haunches behind chairs. When the caretaker releases the rabbits into the meadow, the children crawl under the chairs one by one, and then jump forward. At the signal "Run into the cages", the rabbits return to their places, again crawling under the chairs.
Bubble
Purpose: to teach children to form a circle, changing its size depending on the game actions; develop the ability to coordinate actions with spoken words.
Game progress: the children, together with the teacher, holding hands, form a circle and pronounce the words:
Inflate a bubble, inflate a big one.
Stay like this and don't break.
The players, in accordance with the text, step back holding hands until the teacher says “The bubble has burst!”. Then the players squat down and say "Clap!". And they go to the center of the circle with the sound “shhhh”. then again become in a circle.
Where does the bell ring?
Purpose: to develop an eye, auditory orientation, the ability to navigate in space.
Game progress: children stand on one side of the hall. The teacher asks them to turn away. At this time, another adult, hiding, rings a bell. Children are invited to listen to where the bell rings and find it. The children turn and walk towards the sound.
You need to ring the bell loudly at first, then lower the sound.
colored cars
Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of color, improve orientation in space, develop a reaction
Game progress: children are placed at the edges of the hall, they are cars. To each his own colored circle. The teacher is in the center of the hall, in his hands he has three colored flags. He raises one, de having a circle of this color scatter around the hall in different directions. When the teacher lowers the flag, the children stop. The teacher raises a flag of a different color, etc.
The game is more emotional with musical accompaniment.
Where did they knock?
Purpose: to consolidate the ability to navigate in space, to follow the rules of the game.
Game progress: children stand in a circle. The driver stands in the middle and closes his eyes. The teacher silently walks around the circle from behind, stops near someone, knocks with a stick and puts it so that it is not visible. Steps aside and says "It's time!". The one standing in the circle must guess where they knocked and go to the one who has the wand hidden. Having guessed, he takes the place of the child, behind whom the wand was hidden, and he becomes the leader.
cat and mice
Purpose: to improve the ability to navigate in space, to avoid collisions; move in the general game situation.
Game progress: on one side of the hall, a plot is fenced - this is the house of mice (50 cm high). on the other side of the hall is the cat's house. The teacher says:
The cat guards mice, pretended to be asleep!
Children crawl under the rails and run.
The teacher says:
Hush, mice, don't make noise.
And don't wake up the cat!
Children run easily and silently. With the words "The cat woke up", a child depicting a cat runs after mice. Children do not crawl under the slats, but run into the burrows through the unfenced part.
At the bear in the forest
Purpose: to consolidate the ability to move in all directions, imitate game movements, move in accordance with the text.
Game progress: the children are located on one side of the hall, and the driver is on the other. Players move towards the sleeping bear saying:
At the bear in the forest
I take mushrooms and berries.
The bear doesn't sleep
And growls at us.
The bear with a growl tries to catch the children, they run away. Catching someone, takes him to himself. The game is repeated.
Mousetrap
Purpose: to develop speed, dexterity, attention; learn to coordinate words with game actions.
Game progress: the players are divided into two unequal subgroups. The smaller one forms a circle - a mousetrap. The rest are mice. Players in a circle move and sentence
Oh, how tired the mice are, their passion just got divorced.
Everyone gnawed, everyone ate, they climb everywhere - that's an attack.
At the end of the words, the children stop and raise their clasped hands up. Mice run into the mousetrap and immediately run out on the other side. On a signal, the children lower their hands and squat. Mice that do not have time to run out are considered to be caught. They also stand in a circle. The game continues. When most of the children are caught, the subgroups change places.
Who has the ball?
Goal: develop mindfulness; to consolidate the ability to perform game actions in accordance with the rules of the game.
Game progress: players form a circle. The driver is chosen, who stands in the center. The rest of the players move tightly towards each other, hands behind everyone.
The teacher gives someone the ball, and the children pass it to each other behind their backs. The driver tries to guess who has the ball. He says "Hands!" and the one who is addressed must put out both hands. If the driver guessed right, he picks up the ball and stands in a circle. The player from whom the ball was taken becomes the driver.
shaggy dog
Purpose: to improve the ability to move in all directions, to move in accordance with the text, to develop orientation in space, dexterity.
Game progress: children stand on one side of the hall. The driver - the dog - is on the other side. Children quietly approach him with the words
Here lies a shaggy dog, with his nose buried in his paws.
Quietly, quietly, he lies, either dozing, or sleeping.
Let's go up to him, wake him up, and see what happens!
After these words, the dog jumps up and barks loudly. Children run away, and the dog tries to catch them.
Take care of the item
Purpose: to teach children to act on a signal; develop dexterity, endurance, eye.
Game progress: children stand in a circle. At the feet of each child is a cube. The teacher is in a circle and tries to take the cube from one or the other child. The player, to whom the driver approaches, crouches and closes the cube with his hands and does not allow him to touch it. At first, the driver does not take the cubes from the children, but only pretends. Then, when repeating, he can take the cube from the player who did not have time to cover it with his hands. This child is temporarily out of the game.
Subsequently, the role of the driver can be offered to the most active children.
Cars
Purpose: to develop dexterity and speed; to consolidate the ability to move around the site in all directions.
Game progress: each player receives a steering wheel. At the signal of the driver (a green flag is raised), the children scatter in loose so as not to interfere with each other. On another signal (red flag) cars stop. The game is repeated.
The game is more emotional under the musical accompaniment.
We are fun guys
Purpose: to develop dexterity, dodge; improve the ability to follow the rules of the game.
Game progress: children stand on one side of the playground beyond the line. A line is also drawn on the opposite side - these are houses. There is a trap in the center of the site. The choir players say
We are funny guys, we love to run and jump
Well, try to catch up with us. 1,2,3 - catch!
After the glory of "Catch!" the children run across to the other side of the playground, and the trap tries to catch them. The one whom the trap manages to touch to the line is considered caught and moves aside, skipping one dash. After two runs, another trap is selected.
Find yourself a mate
Purpose: to develop dexterity, the ability to avoid collisions, act quickly on a signal.
Game progress: handkerchiefs according to the number of children are needed for the game. half of the handkerchiefs of one color, half of the other. At the signal of the teacher, the children scatter. To the words "Find a couple!" children with identical handkerchiefs stand in pairs. If the child is left without a pair, the players say "Vanya, Vanya, don't yawn, quickly choose a pair."
The teacher's words can be replaced by a sound signal. The game is more emotional with musical accompaniment.
Fishing rod
Purpose: to develop dexterity, attention, speed of reaction.
Game progress: the players stand in a circle, in the center is the teacher, he holds a rope in his hands, to which a bag of sand is tied. The teacher rotates the rope in a circle above the ground itself, and the children jump up, trying to prevent the bag from hitting them. Having described two or three circles with a bag, the teacher pauses, during which the number of those caught is counted.
Don't get caught
Purpose: to develop dexterity, speed; play by following the rules; improve jumping on two legs.
Game progress: the players are located around the cord laid in the shape of a circle. In the center are two drivers. At the signal of the teacher, the children jump on two legs into and out of the circle as the traps approach. Whoever gets tarnished gets a penalty point. After 40-50 seconds, the game stops, the losers are counted, and the game is repeated with a new driver.
Firefighters in training
Purpose: to consolidate the ability to climb gymnastic walls, develop dexterity, speed; improve the ability to act on a signal.
Game progress: children stand in 3-4 columns facing the gymnastic walls - these are firefighters. The first in columns stand in front of the line at a distance of 4-5 meters from the wall. On each span, bells are tied at the same height. On a signal, the children standing first run to the gymnastic wall, climb it and ring the bell. They go down, return to their column and stand at its end, the teacher marks the one who completed the task faster. Then a signal is given and the next pair of children runs.
Don't stay on the floor
Purpose: to develop dexterity, speed, dodge; play by following the rules.
Game progress: a trap is selected, which, together with all the children, runs around the hall. As soon as the teacher says the word "Catch1", everyone runs away from the trap and climbs on objects. The trap tries to overpower the fleeing. The children he has touched step aside. At the end of the game, the number of those caught is counted and a new trap is selected.
Traps with ribbons
Purpose: to develop speed, dexterity, eye; improve orientation in space, loose running.
Game progress: children stand in a circle, each has a colored ribbon tucked into the back of the belt. There is a trap in the center of the circle. On a signal, the children scatter in different directions, and the trap tries to pull the ribbons from them. At the stop signal, the children gather in a circle, the driver counts the ribbons.
The game can be played with complication:
There are two traps in a circle
There is no trap, boys collect ribbons from girls, and girls from boys.
Fox and chickens
Purpose: to develop dexterity, speed of reaction, to learn to act on a signal, to develop orientation in space.
Game progress: on one side of the hall there is a chicken coop (you can use benches). Chickens are sitting on the perch. On the other side is a fox hole. On a signal, the chickens jump off their perches and move freely in the free space. With the words "Fox!" the hens run into the coop and climb onto the perch, and the fox tries to catch the hen. She leads the one who did not have time to escape into a soy burrow. When the driver catches 2-3 chickens, another trap is selected.
Traps
Develop agility, agility, speed.
Game progress: children line up behind the line on one side of the playground. They must run to the opposite side so that the trap standing in the middle does not catch them. Whom they touch is considered floodplain. After 2-3 runs, the catches are counted. Choose a new trap.
two frosts
Purpose: to develop speed of reaction, dexterity; to consolidate the ability to coordinate game actions with words.
Game progress: two houses are indicated on opposite sides of the site. The players are located in one of them. Leading - Frost Red Nose and Frost Blue Nose stand in the middle, facing the players and pronounce the text
I am Frost Red Nose.
I am Frost Blue Nose.
Which of you will decide to set off on the path?
The choir players respond:
"We are not afraid of threats, and we are not afraid of frost!"
After these words, the children run across to the other side of the playground, and the Frosts try to catch them and freeze them. "Frozen" stop at the place where they were touched and stand still until the end of the run.
networks
Purpose: to develop dexterity, ingenuity, orientation in space, the ability to follow the rules of the game.
Game progress: some children stand in a circle and hold hoops. Others - "fish" - scurry back and forth through the hoops. The following options are possible:
1. Pike chases fish.
2. Children with hoops move slowly, on a signal they run in a circle, and then it is not possible to get out of it
3. Children with hoops stand motionless and only begin to move at a signal.
The catch is being counted.
Swan geese
Purpose: to develop dexterity, speed of reaction; to consolidate the ability to perform the actions of the role taken on; coordinate words with game actions.
Game progress: at one end of the hall, the house in which the geese are located is indicated. On the opposite side is a shepherd. On the side is the lair in which the wolf lives. The rest is a meadow. Children are chosen to play the roles of a wolf and a shepherd, the rest are geese. The shepherd drives the geese out into the meadow, they graze.
Shepherd: Geese, geese!
Geese: Ha-ha-ha!
Shepherd: Do you want to eat?
Goose: Yes, yes, yes!
Shepherd: So fly.
Geese: We can't, the gray wolf under the mountain won't let us go home!
Shepherd: Well, fly as you like, just take care of your wings!
Geese, spreading their wings, fly, and the wolf tries to catch them. After several runs, the number of floodplains is counted.
air football
Purpose: to improve dexterity, strength, ingenuity; develop coordination of movements.
The course of the game: children from a sitting position, pinching the bar with their feet, roll onto their backs and throw the bar over the net, into the goal or into the distance. Instead of a bar, you can use a ball.
Flying, not flying
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge about flying and non-flying objects; educate endurance, patience.
Game progress: children stand or sit in a circle, in the center is the teacher. He names animate and inanimate objects that fly and do not fly. Naming the object, the teacher raises his hands up. Children should raise their hands up if the object flies.
Ball option available.
Ocean is shaking
Purpose: to give knowledge about various steamships, old sailboats, rigging items.
Game progress: the players sit on chairs, each is assigned a specific name. Then the captain begins to move around the outer circle, naming the items needed for sailing. All the named items stand up. To the words “The sea is worried1”, the children begin to move to the music, depicting the movements of the waves. Captain's command "Calm the sea!" serves as a signal that you need to take your seats as soon as possible. Left without a chair becomes the captain.
Mail
Purpose: to develop game fantasy, the ability to follow the rules of the game.
Game progress: the game begins with the roll call of the players and the driver:
Ding, ding, ding!
- Who's there?
- Mail!
- Where?
- From the city…
What are they doing in that city?
The driver can say that they are dancing, singing, drawing, etc. All players must do what the driver said. And the one who does the job poorly,
gives a fan. The game ends as soon as the driver collects five forfeits. Then forfeits are redeemed by performing various tasks.
At Mazal
Purpose: to improve the coordination of movements.
Game progress: participants sit on chairs, choose grandfather Mazal. All the rest move away from him and agree that they will show. Then they go and say:
Hello, grandfather Mazal with a long white beard, with brown eyes, with a white mustache.
Hello kids! Where were you, what did you do?
Where we were - we will not say, but what we did - we will show.
Everyone performs the movements agreed upon. When the grandfather guesses, the players scatter, and he catches them.
birder
Purpose: to teach to distinguish and imitate the cries of various birds; develop the ability to navigate with closed eyes.
Game progress: the players choose the names of the birds. They stand in a circle, in the center of the blindfolded birders. The birds dance
In the forest in the woods
On a green oak tree
The birds are singing merrily.
Ah, the birder is coming,
He will take us into captivity.
Birds, fly away!
The birder claps his hands and starts looking for the birds. Whoever is caught screams imitating a bird.
The driver must guess the name of the player and the bird.
Four forces
Purpose: to develop attention, memory, dexterity.
Game progress: the players stand in a circle, in the middle - the leader. He throws the ball to one of the players, while pronouncing any of the words of the elements (for example, air). The one who caught the ball must name the inhabitant of the air. If the earth is named - an animal, if water - fish. At the word fire, everyone should turn around several times, waving their hands.
Black, white do not take, "Yes" and "No" do not say
Purpose: to develop mindfulness, the ability to monitor your answers during the game, to consolidate knowledge about the environment.
Game progress: The game starts like this:
They sent you a hundred rubles,
Buy whatever you want
Black, white do not take
"Yes", "No" do not say.
After that, the leader leads a conversation, asking questions. The one who got lost in the answer gives the driver a phantom. After the game, the offenders redeem their forfeits by completing various tasks.
Paints
Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of color and shades; improve basic movement skills.
Game progress: choose the owner and two sellers. All other players are paints who choose their own colors. Buyer knocks:
Who's there?
Buyer.
-Why did you come?
- For paint.
- For what?
- For blue.
If this paint is not available, the owner says: "Jump on one leg along the blue path."
The buyer who guessed the most colors wins.
Flowers
Purpose: to consolidate knowledge about colors (or any other items, for example, sports equipment), improve reaction, speed qualities.
Game progress: each player chooses a flower for himself. By lot, the chosen flower starts the game. It invokes any other flower, such as a poppy. Poppy runs, and the rose catches up with him. Then the poppy can name any other flower. The one who has never been caught wins.
Pick a couple
Goal: develop logical thinking, learn to play as a team.
Game progress: children are offered a pair of words that are in a certain logical connection. For example, cause-effect, genus-species. It is necessary to select for the specified third word from the list of already existing ones, the word that is in the same logical connection with it.
For example, a school is teaching, a hospital is a doctor, a goal is football, and so on.
And third words: student, treatment, patient, ball, t-shirt.
Snowball
Purpose: to learn to form a sequence in words, memorize previous words, coordinate movements with words.
Game progress: a group game consists in the gradual formation of a sequence of words, and each subsequent participant in the game must reproduce all the previous words, preserving their sequence, adding their own word to them. The game is played with the passing of the ball.
forbidden number
Purpose: to promote the development of attention.
Game progress: players stand in a circle. You need to choose a number that cannot be spoken, instead of it you need to clap your hands, silently the required number of times.
Hear the command
Purpose: to promote the development of attention, improve the ability to organize independently, calm down.
Game progress: children go to the music. When the music stops, everyone stops and listens to the command uttered in a whisper, and that hour they fulfill it.
Opposite word
Purpose: to teach children to justify their decision, to select words opposite to the indicated one.
Game progress: invite children to choose words that are opposite in meaning to the data.
For words that allow ambiguous meaning (for example, raw), it is proposed to find all possible words of the opposite meaning and justify your decision.
guess the word
Purpose: to improve the ability to follow the rules of the game, to develop the skill of classification, highlighting the most significant features.
Game progress: children are invited to guess the names of randomly selected objects, while asking clarifying questions, to which you can get the answer "Yes" or "No".
Birds
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge about various birds; improve the ability to follow the rules of the game.
Game progress: the players choose the hostess and the hawk. The rest are birds. The hawk is flying. The hostess says
Why did you come?
- For a bird!
- For what?
The hawk calls. If there is no named bird, the hostess drives him away. The game continues until the hawk catches all the birds.
Fishing
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge about various types of fish, to improve the ability to act according to the rules.
Game progress: The players are divided into two groups. Some stand in front of others at a distance of several steps. One group is anglers, the other is fish. At the beginning of the game, they have a conversation:
What do you knit? (fish)
- Seine. (fishermen imitate movements)
What will you catch?
- Fish.
- What?
- Pike.
- Catch.
The fish turn and run to the line. Fishermen try to catch as many fish as possible.
Screw
Purpose: to develop creative imagination, imagination, plasticity of movement.
Execution: I.P. Basic jay. The body turns left and right. Hands freely follow the body.
One, two, three, four, five -
You fly into space!
Humpty Dumpty
Purpose: to develop creative imagination, the ability to get used to the image, advanced characteristic movements, perform movements simultaneously with the text
Fulfillment: the teacher pronounces the words:
humpty dumpty sat on the wall
Humpty Dumpty collapsed in his sleep...
The child turns the body to the right - to the left. On the words “fell down in a dream”, he sharply tilts the body down.
Fakirs
Purpose: to train individual muscle groups, to develop the ability to convey the characteristic features of the image.
Game progress: children sit, legs crossed, hands on their knees, hands hanging down, back and neck relaxed. The head is lowered, the chin touches the chest. The eyes are closed.
To the appropriate music, the children’s hands first “come to life”, then the arms and head rise, the body stretches forward and upward.
REPORT
Outdoor games, like other types of games, are a form of organization of children's lives, are of great importance in the development of children's motor activity..
This moment is especially important at the present time, when most children, for security reasons, are deprived of the opportunity to participate in yard games, which until recently were a good school of education.
Effective development of children's motor activity is possible if a methodology is developed and used, including:
- Purposeful application of the system of outdoor games, focused on the development of certain physical qualities (quickness, dexterity, speed).
- A more extended scope of outdoor games compared to the traditional method.
Properly organized outdoor games can act as a way to correct the relationship of children, contribute to the development of positive qualities, and are a means that can have a positive impact on relationships with peers.
To solve the problem, it is necessary to use outdoor games in educational activities, since they can make a lazy person a hardworking, ignorant-knowing inept craftsman.
Outdoor games were included in various forms of physical education such as: physical development classes, outdoor and indoor exercises, morning exercises, a walk, etc.
At each lesson I use outdoor games of a different nature: high, medium and low mobility. Most often I use games of a plot nature, since the plot captures the attention of the child, and emotions are most clearly manifested in them.
To create children's interest in the game, I bring soft toys into the game, turn on the music. In relay games I use various items: balls, hoops, cubes, skittles, etc.
The feeling of joy in children was especially pronounced when the games were accompanied by music, since music affects the emotions of children and creates a certain mood in them.
In the game “Show Movement”, I developed the expressiveness of movements in children so that they feel relaxed, show movements both with humor and with different emotional states.
It was difficult for the children to express these emotions at first. They didn't understand what I wanted from them. But after a few sessions, things got better.
In the process of physical education of children of primary preschool age, outdoor play plays a leading role. Being one of the main means and methods of physical education, an outdoor game allows you to effectively solve health-improving and educational problems. It has a comprehensive impact on the physical development and health of the child. During the game, the physical activity of children causes an active state of the whole organism, enhances metabolic processes, and increases vitality.
In the process of playing actions, children develop moral and volitional qualities, develop cognitive forces, gain experience in behavior and orientation in the conditions of collective action.
An outdoor game with rules is a conscious, active activity of a child, the goal of which is achieved by the accurate and timely completion of tasks related to the rules that are mandatory for all players. By definition, P.F. Lesgaft, outdoor play is an exercise through which a child prepares for life. Fascinating content, emotional richness of the game encourage certain mental and physical efforts.
The game can be a means of self-knowledge, entertainment, recreation, a means of physical and general education. The game is a very emotional activity, so it is of great value in educational work. Among the wide variety of games in the formation of a diversified personality of a child, outdoor games are given the most important place.
The value of outdoor games is great: they are both a means and a method of raising a child. The mobile game as a means and as a method is characterized by a variety of effects on the child due to physical exercises included in the game in the form of motor tasks.
In outdoor games, various movements are developed and improved in accordance with all their characteristics, the characteristics of children's behavior and the manifestation of the necessary physical and moral qualities are directed.
With the help of outdoor games, you can solve various problems of moral, mental and, of course, physical education. As Shapkova L.V. notes, “with hypokinesia (immobility) in children, the activity of biochemical processes decreases, immunity to colds and infectious diseases weakens, the range of possibilities of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems narrows, the neuromuscular apparatus weakens, various posture defects are formed, which leads to muscle hypotonia, a decrease in the mobility of the chest in all its departments, a general weakening of the body and a decrease in vitality. A characteristic consequence of these disorders in the functioning of various systems and organs is the deterioration of physical and psychomotor qualities: coordination, accuracy and speed of movements, speed of motor reactions, mobility and overall performance.
Taking into account age characteristics and physical fitness, those involved in outdoor games have a beneficial effect on the growth, development and strengthening of the bone and ligament apparatus, the muscular system, on the formation of correct posture in children, and also increase the functional activity of the body.
Active motor activity of a gaming nature and the positive emotions it causes intensify all physiological processes in the body, improve the functioning of all organs and systems. A large number of movements activates breathing, blood circulation and metabolic processes. This, in turn, has a beneficial effect on mental activity.
It has been proven that outdoor games improve the physical development of children, have a beneficial effect on the nervous system and improve health, because. almost every game has running, jumping, throwing, balance exercises, etc.
The game plays a big role in the formation of personality. During the game, memory, ideas are activated, thinking, imagination develop. During the game, children act in accordance with the rules that are binding on all participants. The rules regulate the behavior of the players and contribute to the development of mutual assistance, collectivism, honesty, discipline. At the same time, the need to follow the rules, as well as to overcome the obstacles that are inevitable in the game, contributes to the development of strong-willed qualities - endurance, courage, determination, and the ability to cope with negative emotions. Children learn the meaning of the game, learn to act in accordance with the chosen role, creatively apply the existing motor skills, learn to analyze their actions and the actions of their comrades.
Outdoor games are often accompanied by songs, poems, counting rhymes, game beginnings. Such games replenish vocabulary, enrich children's speech.
In outdoor games, the child has to decide for himself how to act in order to achieve the goal. Rapid and sometimes unexpected change of conditions makes us look for more and more new ways to solve emerging problems. All this contributes to the development of independence, activity, initiative, creativity, ingenuity.
Of great importance are outdoor games for moral education. Children learn to act in a team, to obey the general requirements.
The mobile game has a collective character. The opinion of peers is known to have a great influence on the behavior of each player. In a collective outdoor game, each participant is clearly convinced of the benefits of common, friendly efforts aimed at overcoming obstacles and achieving a common goal.
The main task of outdoor games is to strengthen the health of those involved, to promote their proper physical development; promote the acquisition of vital motor skills, abilities and improvement in them; development of reaction, development of dexterity, knowledge of movement and new possibilities of the body.
To implement the tasks, it is necessary to apply the following methods:
- Analysis of theoretical and scientific-methodical literature on the topic of self-education;
- Pedagogical supervision;
- Questioning.
Theoretical analysis and generalization of literature involves the search for literary sources, which was carried out on the Internet, the materials of journals, collections of scientific papers, other scientific and scientific-methodical publications were analyzed.
Many researchers recommend including outdoor games in physical education classes in preschool educational institutions and in the daily life of children.
The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the proposed outdoor games for physical development with children.
Having learned the general tasks of education, I apply them taking into account the individual characteristics of each child. To do this, I use the data of a medical examination for all indicators in order to know which of the children has a deviation from the norm of physical development.
For the first time during the days of work, I analyzed the state of children's motor skills, as well as their general level of development. Set specific goals for each child. Children who are timid and unsure of their movements need help in overcoming difficulties: lower the rope lower during jumps, put the basket closer when throwing the ball, support balance while walking, etc. But this must be done discreetly so that the child's pride does not suffer. Children who are easily excitable, overly mobile also require attention; I often involve them in games that contribute to the development of inhibitory processes.
In the methodological literature, it is usually recommended to learn new games in the classroom. But this can also be done during play hours, for example, during a morning walk, when there is enough time at the disposal of the children and the instructor.
In order for this work to be systematic in each group, so that not a single child falls out of the field of attention, outdoor games are provided for in the long-term plan of educational work, as well as in the work plan for every day.
With the help of the game, I carry out several tasks: I strengthen and improve the body of children, develop movements, evoke joyful experiences, educate moral qualities, etc.
When choosing a game, the instructor should keep in mind where he intends to play it: indoors or on the court.
When planning games, the instructor should take into account the state of the group. In the case when the group is not sufficiently organized, it is better to play quieter games in a circle at first, games with singing, gradually moving to games with loose movement, or give simple games.
When selecting games for classes, in addition to general educational tasks, one has to take into account the hygienic side of each game - the degree of its load, the impact on physiological processes.
The choice of a game for a lesson depends on which part of the lesson it is included in. If the game is given in the first part of the lesson, it is introduced in order to organize a children's team, to teach children to line up in a column, in pairs, in a circle, and to be placed on the site. Such, for example, are the games “Whose link is more likely to meet”, “Find a mate for yourself”, etc. In the second part of the lesson, a game of high mobility is played. For the final part of the lesson, a game of medium or low mobility is selected, the purpose of which is to bring the body into a relatively calm state. You can use the following games for this: “Who left?”, “Guess by voice”, “Find where it is hidden”.
Most often, one lesson is given, sometimes two games. For example, one game is included in the second - the main part of the lesson (mandatory), the other - in the final.
Outdoor games, creating an atmosphere of joy, make the most effective complex solution of recreational, educational and educational tasks. Active movements due to the content of the game evoke positive emotions in children and enhance all physiological processes.
In the play activity of children, two very important factors are objectively combined: on the one hand, children are involved in practical activities, develop physically, get used to acting independently; on the other hand, they receive moral and aesthetic satisfaction from this activity, deepen their knowledge of their environment. All this ultimately contributes to the education of the individual as a whole. Therefore, outdoor games are an effective tool in the development of children's motor activity.
LITERATURE
1 Agapova I.A.
Outdoor games for preschoolers / I.A. Agapova, M.A. Davydov. – M.: ARKTI, 2008.
2 Varenik E.N.
Physical education and health classes with children 5-7 years old. - M .: TC Sphere, 2009.
3 Gorohova M.Yu.
Development of activity and independence of preschool children.
4 Gromova O.E.
Sports games for children. - M .: TC Sphere, 2009.
5 From birth to school. Exemplary basic general educational program of preschool education / Ed. NOT. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva. - M .: Mosaic-Synthesis, 2010.
6 Penzulaeva L.I.
Outdoor games and game exercises for children 3-5 years old / L.I. Penzulaev. – M.: Vlados, 2003.
7 Stepanenkova E.Ya.
Theory and methods of physical education and development of the child: Proc. allowance for students. higher textbook establishments. - 2nd ed., Rev. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2006.
8 Kontorovich M., Mikhailova L.
Outdoor games in kindergarten. Pedagogy (preschool, school, general)
Svetlana Nazarova
The theme of self-education "Introducing children to the origins of folk culture through outdoor games"
Theme of self-education for 2015-2016 academic year
« Introducing children to the origins of folk culture through outdoor games»
caregiver:
Nazarova Svetlana Vitalievna,
Work plan
Target: continue to improve the pedagogical level, professional competence. Implement new methods and directions in education and training children. Involve parents in the formation of value orientations and moral standards based on cultural and historical traditions of the Russian people.
No. Study
Literature Work
with children Work
with parents Work
with teachers Term
1 Collection and study of methodological literature, manuals for Russians folk games. Joint production with children of attributes to popular mobile games Involving parents in the educational process through holding Russian folk outdoor games. September
2 M. F. Litvinova. Russians folk outdoor games for children preschool and primary school age: Iris-press, 2003. Entertainment "Russian folk fun» Entertainment "Russian folk fun»
With the participation of parents. Entertainment "Russian folk fun» together with physical education leader. October
3. O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva. :. - St. Petersburg: Detstvo-Press, 2004 Learning a new folk mobile game
"Geese - geese" Acquaintance with calendar holidays, their customs and traditions. Consultation
« Folk games in kindergarten» November December
4. Acquaintance children with Russian folk art. /Aut. comp. L. S. Kuprina, T. A. Budarina, O. A. Makhaneva, O. N. Korepanova, etc. – St. Petersburg: "CHILDHOOD PRESS", 2004. Creation of a file cabinet folk outdoor games. Reminder for parents « Folk games are interesting» January February
5. The origins of Russian folk culture in kindergarten / I. G. Gavrilova. - St. Petersburg: CHILDHOOD - PRESS, 2008. - 160s. learning mobile folk game
"At Grandpa Tryphon's" Entertainment "Pancake week" March
6. Kapranova, L. N. Babushkins Zubavushki: fascinating scenarios of children's holidays in folklore style. / L. N. Kapranova. - Rostov n / D: Phoenix, 2008. - 157s Viewing videos from folk outdoor games. Advice for parents "Organization folk games in the family»
Characteristic April outdoor games
7. Calendar ritual holidays for children preschool age. Author's team: Pugacheva N. V., Esaulova N. A., Potapova N. N. study guide. - M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2005.
Leisure activities
"Merry round dance".Russian folk outdoor games with musical accompaniment. May
Related publications:
Project: Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture. Project type: Creative-cognitive (mixed). Implementation period: Short term.
Introducing preschool children to the origins of folk culture Introducing preschool children to the origins of folk culture Churilova Elena Vladimirovna, music director of MBDOU for children.
Introducing children to the origins of the folk culture of their native land Small Motherland ... Each person has his own, but for everyone it is that guiding star that determines a lot throughout life.
Introduction One of the main tasks of preschool educational institutions, laid down in the "Program of training and education in kindergarten" is.
Project passport Type of project: educational - creative Time of implementation: long-term. Participants: parents, teacher. Relevance.
Project "Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture" Direction of the project: cognitive and creative. Project type: Medium term. Project leader: Dyuba Marina Vladimirovna, educator,.
