Introduction to the national culture consultation. Advice for parents

Consultation for educators
"Introducing children to folk culture and traditions"

Berseneva N.N.

“Without memory there is no tradition, without tradition there is no culture,

without culture - no education, without education - no spirituality,

without spirituality there is no personality, without personality there is no people as a historical personality.

We were born and live in a time of great change, when the threat of spiritual impoverishment of the individual hangs over humanity, the danger of losing moral guidelines: traditions are collapsing, customs are being forgotten, the threads connecting the older and younger generations are torn. Now the problem of raising children on the basis of Russian national culture, at a meeting of national achievements, is very relevant.

One of the main tasks of the spiritual and moral education of preschool children is the formation in children of a general idea of the culture of the Russian people, its wealth and diversity, beauty and nobility. Folk culture is a storehouse of wisdom and experience, a subject of our national pride. That is why, in preschool childhood, it is necessary to teach a child to feel and love his native land, native nature, his people, to appreciate the spiritual wealth, intelligence, talent and wisdom of the people. To instill a sense of national patriotism, pride in one's country.

The word "tradition" - means historically developed and passed down from generation to generation customs, orders, rules of conduct.

The tradition covers the objects of social heritage: material and spiritual values, the process of social inheritance, its methods. Certain social attitudes, norms of behavior, values, ideas, customs, rituals, holidays, etc. act as traditions. Folk traditions, passed down from generation to generation, create a variety of means and forms of education.

The means of introducing preschoolers to ethnic culture and traditions include folk art, arts and crafts, including various genres of oral folk art.

Traditions include holidays, rituals, customs, games.

National holidays contribute to the development of a worldview that involves both mastering the experience of older generations and turning it into a guide to practical activities. Each holiday was accompanied by rituals and songs. A significant amount of knowledge was transmitted through rituals. The following holidays enjoyed great love among the people: Easter, Christmas, New Year, Maslenitsa. The children did not have any special children's holidays, but they felt the general festive atmosphere and had fun with everyone.

Children need to be introduced to the folk calendar. He gathered in himself the natural circle of all cycles of human life on earth, absorbing all the colors of folk life, holidays, folk crafts - he helps us build our work with children according to the natural cycle, for example: autumn - harvesting, autumn holidays, folk festivals, behind it is winter: Christmas time, Christmas, New Year - winter holidays and rituals, Maslenitsa - seeing off winter and summer - with round dances and songs around a green birch. Nature does not die, but makes the usual circle of life.

One of the means of transmitting tradition is songs that accompany a person all his life - from birth to death - in work, on a holiday in everyday life. Therefore, folk songs can be classified according to age: lullabies, children's, youth, etc., according to content: ritual, lyrical, heroic, epic, satirical, etc., according to belonging to various types of activity: round dance, songs helping in work, game songs, and songs, ritual chants, etc.

Folk games are a traditional means of pedagogy. From time immemorial, they have clearly reflected the way of life of people, their way of life, work, foundations, the idea of honor, courage, courage, the desire to be strong, dexterous, hardy, fast, move beautifully, be distinguished by ingenuity, resourcefulness, will and desire to win. The game was a natural companion of the child's life, a source of joyful emotions, with great educational power.

In children's games, echoes of ancient times, the realities of a bygone life, have been preserved. In folk games, the color of customs, the originality of people's self-expression, the originality of the language, the form and content of colloquial texts have been preserved. The game is a surprisingly diverse and rich field of activity for children. “While young, frolic, play, laugh, so as not to regret later! »

The educational value of folk games can hardly be overestimated, which is why the teacher must be able to use them in the educational process.

Fairy tales have always been the most effective way to communicate with children. They were formed over the centuries, absorbed the culture of the people, they reflect the moral principles and universal values. The world in fairy tales is shown as multifaceted and contradictory, but they always say that there is a way out of the most difficult, seemingly insoluble situation. Many folk tales inspire confidence in the triumph of truth, in the victory of good over evil. Children especially like the optimism of fairy tales and enhances their educational value. Listening to fairy tales, children connect them with their lives, seek to use the example of positive characters to fight their fears, draw hope from them. Fairy tales give the child the support he will need throughout his life.

Children and a fairy tale are inseparable, they are created for each other, and therefore acquaintance with the fairy tales of one's people must necessarily be included in the course of education and upbringing of each child.

Great importance must be given to Russian proverbs, sayings, riddles, nursery rhymes and jokes. They "live" for centuries on the pages of books and "from young to old" in them greatness and wisdom. The people put all their feelings into the content of the proverbs. They, like the people who created them, have fun, sad and cry and warn, they are a tuning fork of inner sincerity. In no other genre of folklore life is reflected as widely and multifaceted as in proverbs and sayings. They are imbued with a feeling of deepest love and devotion to the Motherland. There is a lot of practical material in the proverbs: everyday advice, wishes in work, greetings, condemnations.

Traditions, as it were, organize the connection of generations, they keep the spiritual and moral life of the people. The succession of seniors and juniors is based precisely on traditions. The more diverse the traditions, the spiritually richer the people. Traditions, as an element of social life, have their own specifics. In the formation of folk traditions, an important place is occupied by customs, the fulfillment of which was mandatory “Do not bring your custom into someone else’s house”, “Customs did not agree, there will be no friendship”, “Custom is stronger than the law”. These proverbs clearly show how respectfully and respectfully our ancestors treated the customs and traditions, what great educational value they had among different peoples. Revealing the role of traditions in the upbringing of the younger generation, we take folk wisdom as a starting point: "There is no tree without a big root."

The formation of traditions also includes rituals.

Rituals, traditions, customs accompanied every step of a person from birth to death, organizing his work, social and personal life. Obligatory for the whole society, they spiritually rallied the people.

Since ancient times, gift giving has been part of the ritual. “If you love gifts, love and give gifts,” recalls the proverb. The ancients believed that the gift has magical powers. A thing given from a pure heart brings good luck.

Be sure to give gifts at Christmas. Most often these are symbolic gifts - dough figures, they are supposed to be eaten right there for good luck. Since this holiday is quiet, homely, where only family members and closest people gather at the table, you can also give simple homemade products - embroidery, weaving, drawings.

Tradition is alive as long as it is honored and cherished. And even singing folk songs for some children will be just a concert, while for others who have touched the culture of their ancestors, it will be a natural part of being.

Many of us live in our native land. And we are all so different. There are many different peoples on earth and in our country. Everyone has their own customs, songs, fairy tales, legends. And it is very important to appreciate and understand other people.

Thus, the folk traditions of the peoples included ideas rooted in the national consciousness, experiences peculiar to it, passing on the folk wisdom accumulated over the centuries. Songs, games, riddles were united in holidays.

The value of folk traditions is enormous, and their loss is irreplaceable by any material benefits. If all traditions are completely lost, the very feeling of the people may be called into question.

To successfully solve the above problem, you need the following:

Creation of a system of work to familiarize children with the origins of Russian folk culture;

Involvement of parents in the educational process;

Creation of conditions for independent reflection of the acquired knowledge and skills by children;

Establishing cooperation with other institutions.

From the foregoing, you can determine for yourself the following priorities in working with children:

1. To form a sense of belonging to the history of the Motherland through acquaintance with folk holidays and traditions, which focus the finest observations accumulated over the centuries on the characteristic features of the seasons, weather changes, the behavior of birds, insects, and plants. Moreover, these observations are connected with labor and various aspects of human social life in all their integrity and diversity.

2. Accumulate experience in the perception of works of small folklore genres. In oral folk art, as nowhere else, the special features of the Russian character, its inherent moral values, ideas about goodness, beauty, truth, courage, diligence, and fidelity have been preserved. Due to this, folklore is the richest source of cognitive and moral development of children.

3. Develop artistic taste through the perception of the beauty of traditional handicrafts. To form in children emotional responsiveness and interest in samples of Russian folk arts and crafts, to cultivate a desire to engage in such activities

4. Show the deep moral meaning of fairy tales, their poetry, reflection of the national character, worldview in them. To acquaint through them with the means of expressiveness of the native language (brightness, figurativeness, accuracy).

5. To develop the motor activity of children, their ability to cooperate with each other, through acquaintance with ancient folk games.

The main work is carried out with children of senior preschool age. With pupils of 5-7 years old, you can have conversations about the power of our country, its wealth, nature. Pay attention to the acquaintance of preschoolers with the fact that people of different nationalities live on the territory of Russia and they have their own customs, traditions and holidays.

Currently, there is a growing interest in comprehending, strengthening and actively promoting national cultural traditions, embodied in original genres of folklore, family and everyday customs, rituals, and rituals.

Download:

Preview:

Advice for parents

"Introducing children to folk traditions."

Educator: Aleksunina M V

The problem of introducing preschool children to Russian folk culture, folk traditions has been repeatedly considered by scientists and practitioners. The subject of the study was issues related to the role of folk culture and folk traditions in the formation of the personality of a preschooler, the relevant content, conditions, methods of familiarizing preschoolers with folk traditions were discussed, taking into account age and individual characteristics. In a number of psychological and pedagogical studies, it was confirmed that introducing children to folk culture ensures the connection of generations, contributes to the comprehensive harmonious development of the individual, solves the problems of mental, physical, moral, aesthetic, labor, and family education.

The great Russian teacher K.D. spoke about the use of the cultural heritage of Russia in public education. Ushinsky. In the article “On Nationality in the Public,” he wrote: “... education created by the people themselves and based on popular principles has that educational power that is not found in the best systems based on abstract ideas or borrowed from another people ... How, then, can public education, one of the most important processes of social life, through which new generations are connected by a common spiritual life with obsolete generations, abandon the nationality? Is it really possible that by educating a future member of society in a person, it will leave without development precisely that side of his character that connects him with society?

Let's try to figure out what folk traditions are, what can be attributed to them.

The word "tradition" (from lat. traditio - transmission) means historically established and passed down from generation to generation customs, practices, rules of conduct.

The tradition covers the objects of social heritage (material and spiritual values), the process of social inheritance, its methods. Certain social attitudes, norms of behavior, values, ideas, customs, rituals, holidays, etc. act as traditions.

Folk traditions contribute to the development of a worldview that involves both the assimilation of the experience of older generations and its transformation into guidance in practical activities. Russian folk traditions are one of the components of the cultural heritage of the Russian people.

Considering the issue of introducing children to folk traditions, a very important feature should be noted. "A characteristic feature of Russian folk traditions, like all culture, is its two-part structure. Until now, elements of the pre-Christian heritage are an important part of

modern Russian culture and are widely reflected in folk traditions. In relation to the history of Ancient Rus', religious beliefs, rituals and traditions that developed before the adoption of Christianity are called paganism. The most important pagan rituals and holidays in Rus' were merged with agricultural labor, with the life of nature, and therefore with the mythological personification of natural forces. East Slavic mythology is captured by the Russian people in ancient rituals and customs.

Russian folk traditions open up great opportunities for children, giving them knowledge and experience in organizing and self-regulating their activities. They help to develop the ability to manage one's own actions, feelings and states, actions in accordance with the interests of other people, the requirements of public duty.

Folk traditions include holidays, rituals, customs, games.

As the main means of education, folk pedagogy uses all components of folk culture: folklore, songs, fairy tales, proverbs, sayings, holidays. It is they who reveal the content of the upbringing and education of children, the basic moral rules and ideals, the understanding of good and evil, the norms of communication and human relations; reflect the worldview of a person through mythology, religion, legends and beliefs; describe the history of the people in the form of an epic, annals and oral art. Thanks to them, the aesthetic views of the people are revealed, they decorate everyday life, work and leisure.

Folk games are a traditional means of pedagogy. From time immemorial, they have clearly reflected the way of life of people, their way of life, work, foundations, ideas of honor, courage, courage, the desire to be strong, dexterous, hardy, fast, move beautifully, be distinguished by ingenuity, endurance, creative invention, resourcefulness, will and desire to win. The game has always been a natural companion of a child's life, a source of joyful emotions, which has great educational power.

In children's games, echoes of ancient times, the realities of a bygone life, have been preserved. For example, a variety of games of hide and seek are a reflection of the old methods of raising children, when there were original schools for preparing for battles and hunting. In Russian folk games, the color of customs, the originality of the self-expression of the people, the originality of the language, form and content of colloquial texts have been preserved.

Children love funny counting rhymes, draws, accompanying games. Sometimes counting rhymes consist entirely of meaningless words and consonances. Their senselessness is explained by the fact that they came from adult folklore - the older generation used the “secret account” due to the existing prohibitions to count killed game, chicken eggs, geese during the flight due to fear of failures in hunting and housekeeping. But adults have forgotten about the mysterious account, and children continue to use it in counting rhymes to this day.

Thus, the game has long occupied an important place in the life of a child. Thanks to her, children learned to independently find a way out of a critical situation, quickly make decisions and implement them, take the initiative, that is, they acquired important qualities that they need in their future lives. Folk games contributed to the formation of a harmoniously developed personality, combining spiritual wealth and physical perfection.

Deep folk wisdom, honed over the centuries, concentrated in the works of Russian folklore. This area of oral folk art is one of the most important means of folk pedagogy.

Russian people were convinced that the word has a special power of influencing man and nature.

bees,

Grey, small

scarlet wings,

pointed noses,

Themselves colorful.

They go into the field

They hum, they hum

From the field they go

They carry honey.

So, for example, the children sentenced, passing by the hives and talking about the abundant collection of honey by bees.

The word, combined with music and movement, had even greater power. Therefore, a song, a musical instrument, rhythmic dances, and footsteps played a huge role in folk traditions.

Ritual songs described well-being, contentment, abundance, and the actions that accompanied them depicted the desired in order to ensure it in real life.

Spring is red

Warm flyer!

Lyuli-lyuli,

Warm flyer.

Spring is red

What did you bring us?

To small children, by the testicles,

Lyuli-lyuli On the testicles,

Red girls

Lyuli-lyuli For the bridegroom.

The researchers note that the sound writing used by the Russian people, the play on words, internal rhymes, which are so rich in signs, proverbs, riddles, sentences, would do honor to any poet. The treatment of Russian people with the language protected and preserved by them is characterized by attention, reverence and at the same time freedom, even dashing. In the treatment of the people with the word, one can feel the talent of the creator and the pleasure of working with familiar and well-suited material (A.F. Nekrylova).

From the first days of life, the child was in the power of words and music. Lullabies, pestles, nursery rhymes tuned him to a harmonious musical and poetic mood.

Growing up, children plunged into the world of folk songs, fairy tales and epics.

In no other genre of folklore is folk life reflected as widely and multifaceted as in proverbs and sayings. They can be called an encyclopedia of folk life. They are not large in volume, but very capacious in meaning. In a certain sense, this is the historical memory of the people, memories of many events and facts of the history of the Russian state live in them. Proverbs and sayings are permeated with a feeling of deepest love and devotion to the Motherland. Most of them are addressed to the moral essence of a person: good, evil, truth, pity, compassion. Popular sayings contain a whole program of raising children, solving the problems of mental, moral, aesthetic, physical, labor, family education.

Riddles are an intricate brief poetic figurative description of an object or phenomenon, made in order to test a person’s ingenuity, as well as to open his eyes to the beauty and richness of the world around him.

Two run away, two catch up, rest together. (Wheels)

Two straight lines, one curve, lively in the middle. (Horse, arc, shafts)

Two main functions of the riddle follow from this: firstly, it develops ingenuity, sharpness, quick wit in a person, and secondly, it reveals the poetic side in the most seemingly prosaic things, objects and phenomena.

Thus, the ancient Russian traditions included ideas rooted in the national consciousness, the value orientations of the people, their own experiences, and the way of thinking characteristic of Russians. They brought up generations of Russian people, passing on the folk wisdom accumulated over the centuries.

Songs, games, riddles were united in folk holidays.

The value of folk traditions is enormous, and their loss is irreplaceable by any material benefits. Traditions are the guardians of folk culture, the precepts of the people. If all folk traditions are completely lost, the very existence of the people may be called into question.

Yulia Medvedeva
Consultation for parents "Raising children on the traditions of folk culture"

The old saying goes: "Everything new is well forgotten old". Indeed, researchers have noted that man and mankind are returning to seemingly long-abandoned positions, in the truth of which they have already ceased to believe. However, for various reasons, they again become relevant, and a society that has lost its way on the paths of civilization has to turn to the experience of its ancestors. Its culture is always distinguished by a person as special, the first one, with which he, as a rule, gets used, shrinks, which he absorbs, as they say, "with mother's milk." This is probably why, sooner or later, a person still begins to carefully look at culture of the past, or rather, to what has been preserved from it in the current culture, as well as to carry out intellectual "Archaeological" excavations, restoring the true picture of the development culture in a certain historical period.

We can say with confidence that most of us, unfortunately, are very superficially familiar with folk culture, our past people. How did Russian people live? How did they work and how did they rest? What made them happy and what worried them? What customs did they follow? How did you decorate your home? It is necessary to convey to the consciousness of preschoolers that they are carriers of Russian folk culture, educate them in national traditions. parenting folk culture, you need to build on the main principles:

Widespread use of folklore (fairy tales, songs, ditties, proverbs, sayings, etc.) Orally folk art, as nowhere else, the features of the Russian character, its inherent moral values - ideas about kindness, beauty, truth, fidelity were reflected. A special place in such works is occupied by a respectful attitude to work, admiration for the skill of human hands.

Acquaintance with Russians folk games, counters. Russians folk games - one of the genres of Russian folk art. they contain information that gives an idea of the daily life of our ancestors, their way of life, work. Games were an essential element folk ritual holidays. The game provides abundant food for the work of the mind and imagination.

Acquaintance with traditions, folk signs and rituals, ritual holidays.

Theatrical activities children. Children learn to play familiar songs, nursery rhymes, fables, fairy tales. In the process of theatrical activities, children feel the atmosphere of the past more deeply, introduce them to household items.

Acquaintance with musical folklore. Children learn to listen and sing Russian folk songs, dance, perform the movements of Russian folk dances.

Acquaintance with arts and crafts. Children learn the history of the origin handicrafts.

Literature:

T. A. Popova, Mozaika-sintez Publishing House, 2010

CONSULTATION FOR PARENTS ON THE TOPIC: "INTRODUCING CHILDREN TO FOLK TRADITIONS"

Educator:

The great Russian teacher spoke about the use of the cultural heritage of Russia in public education. In the article “On Nationality in the Public,” he wrote: “... education created by the people themselves and based on popular principles has that educational power that is not found in the best systems based on abstract ideas or borrowed from another people ... How, then, can public education, one of the most important processes of social life, through which new generations are connected by a common spiritual life with obsolete generations, abandon the nationality? Is it really possible that by educating a future member of society in a person, it will leave without development precisely that side of his character that connects him with society?

Let's try to figure out what folk traditions are, what can be attributed to them.

The word "tradition" lat. traditio - transfer) means historically established and betrayed from generation to generation customs, orders, rules of conduct.

Considering the issue of familiarizing children with folk traditions, a very important feature should be noted. A characteristic feature of Russian folk traditions, as well as of all culture, is its two-part nature. Until now, elements of the pre-Christian heritage are an important part of modern Russian culture and are widely reflected in folk traditions. In relation to the history of Ancient Rus', religious beliefs, rituals and traditions that developed before the adoption of Christianity are called paganism. The most important pagan rituals and holidays in Rus' were merged with agricultural labor, with the life of nature, and therefore with the mythological personification of natural forces. East Slavic mythology is captured by the Russian peoples in ancient rituals and customs.

Russian folk traditions open up great opportunities for children, giving them knowledge and experience in organizing and self-organization.

regulation of their activities. They help to develop the ability to manage one's own actions, feelings and states, actions in accordance with the interests of other people, the requirements of public duty.

Folk traditions include holidays, rituals, customs, games.

Folk games are a traditional means of pedagogy. From time immemorial, they have vividly reflected the way of life of people, their way of life, work, foundations, ideas of honor, courage, courage, the desire to be strong, dexterous, hardy, move quickly beautifully, be distinguished by ingenuity, endurance, creative invention, resourcefulness, will and desire. to victory. The game has always been a natural companion of a child's life, a source of joyful emotions, which has great educational power.

Deep folk wisdom, honed over the centuries, concentrated in the works of Russian folklore. This area of oral folk art is one of the most important means of folk pedagogy.

Russian people were convinced that the word has a special power of influencing man and nature.

Bees, Gray, small, Scarlet wings, Pointy noses, Themselves motley.

They go into the field, they are buzzing, they are buzzing. From the field they go, they carry Medoc.

So, for example, the children sentenced, passing by the hives and talking about the abundant collection of honey by bees.

The word, combined with music and movement, had even greater power. Therefore, a song, a musical instrument, rhythmic dances, and footsteps played a huge role in folk traditions.

Ritual songs described well-being, contentment, abundance, and the actions that accompanied them depicted the desired in order to ensure it in real life.

Spring is red

Warm flyer!

Lyuli-lyuli,

Warm flyer.

Spring is red

What did you bring us?

Lyuli-lyuli,

What did you bring us?

For little kids

By the testicle

Lyuli-lyuli,

By the testicle

red girls

For the bridegroom

Lyuli-lyuli,

By the groom.

From the first days of life, the child was in the power of words and music. Lullabies, pestles, nursery rhymes tuned him to a harmonious musical and poetic mood.

Growing up, children plunged into the world of folk songs, fairy tales and epics.

In no other genre of folklore is folk life reflected as widely and multifaceted as in proverbs and sayings. They can be called an encyclopedia of folk life.

They are not large in volume, but very capacious in meaning. In a certain sense, this is the historical memory of the people, memories of many events and facts of the history of the Russian state live in them. Proverbs and sayings are permeated with a feeling of deepest love and devotion to the Motherland. Most of them are addressed to the moral essence of a person: good, evil, truth, pity, compassion. Popular sayings contain a whole program of raising children, solving the problems of mental, moral, aesthetic, physical, labor, family education.

Two run away, two catch up, rest together. (Wheels.)

Two straight lines, one curve, lively in the middle. (Horse, arc, shafts.)

Two main functions of the riddle follow from this: firstly, it develops a person's ingenuity, sharpness, quick wits, and secondly, it opens up the poetic side in the most seemingly prosaic things, objects and phenomena.

Songs, games, riddles were united in folk holidays.

Every national holiday in Russia was accompanied by rituals and songs. Most of them arose in the times of paganism, and they were preserved in the form of entertainment, customs.

Pagan holidays contributed to the rallying of people, united generations. A significant amount of knowledge about the world was transmitted through rituals: about causal dependencies, about the properties of natural phenomena, etc. Many pagan holidays and rituals were adopted by the church and intertwined with the events celebrated by it, for example, Christmas time, the feast of Ivan Kupala.

Usually the holiday began with a solemn service in the church, and continued on the street, in the field, on the lawns. To the music of flutes, balalaikas, accordions they danced, sang, danced, started games. In addition to those already mentioned, the following holidays enjoyed great love among the people: Easter, Christmas, New Year, Maslenitsa. The children did not have any special children's holidays, but they felt the general festive atmosphere and had fun with everyone.

The most solemn, bright and, perhaps, the most ancient of the annual holidays were Christmas time. The Christian Church timed three big holidays for them: Christmas - the beginning of Christmas time, New Year and Baptism, which completes them.

January 7 - Nativity of the Lord Jesus Christ. Our ancestors believed that on the feast of the Nativity of Christ, the most important and most joyful church day, just like on other important holidays, the sun plays. In most countries of the world, Christmas begins to be celebrated in the evening and continues for two whole days. The age-old tradition has turned this holiday into an apotheosis of family warmth, peace, home, a family holiday. On the eve of Christmas in a number of places in Russia it was customary to burn bonfires, which was associated with ideas about the rebirth of the sun, about the beginning of a new solar year.

The evening before Christmas was called Christmas Eve. Great importance was given to dinner on Christmas Eve. The hut was carefully cleaned, the table was covered with a clean tablecloth, they ate in solemn and strict silence, and then the Christmas fun began.

On these holidays, it was customary to give gifts to relatives and friends. The year began with a rite of caroling. Kolyada is a spell song performed during the winter revival of the sun. They called the family a carol, wished her wealth and prosperity, demanded a reward for these wishes.

The carolers received something to eat: in particular, they asked for curly biscuits depicting domestic animals so that they could be found on the farm. Such rounds of houses during Christmas time were carried out three times: on Christmas Eve, on New Year's Eve and on the eve of Epiphany. Each family was waiting for carolers, prepared refreshments for them and listened to carols with genuine pleasure.

Happy New Year! With all kind! To be healthy, Live for many years!

The children danced and shouted:

The new year has come, the old one has stolen, he has shown himself! Go, people, meet the sun, drive away the frost!

Mummers walked the streets during Christmas time, round dances were held at gatherings, merry mischievous songs sounded, riddles were made. Riddles, according to experts, once had a pagan magical character. primordial meaning such an action was gradually forgotten, but the tradition retained both the type of riddle songs and the most ancient form of their performance: by two groups of girls in the form of a kind of dialogue.

It was customary to guess during Christmas time. In the New Year, on the first day of the year, they tried to find out about the nature of the following days and months, about the harvest, about the fate of their own and loved ones this year. Christmas traditions are reflected in the works of Russian writers and poets.

The great Russian teacher K. D. Ushinsky, in the article “On Nationality in the Public” wrote: “... education created by the people themselves and based on folk principles has that educational power that is not in the best systems based on abstract ideas or borrowed other people…”

Download:

Preview:

Advice for parents

Topic: “Initiation to folk traditions”

Compiled by: Solovieva Nina Viktorovna

Educator of the highest category

Kindergarten №45. Krasnogvardeisky district. Saint Petersburg.

The great Russian teacher K. D. Ushinsky, in the article"About nationality in the public" wrote: “... education created by the people themselves and based on popular principles has that educational power that is not found in the best systems based on abstract ideas or borrowed from another people ...”

Introducing children to folk culture ensures the connection of generations, contributes to the comprehensive harmonious development of the individual, solving the problem of labor, family education.

The word "tradition" - means historically established and passed down from generation to generation customs, practices, rules of conduct. Certain social attitudes, norms of behavior, values, ideas, customs, rituals, holidays, etc. act as traditions. Russian folk traditions are one of the constituent parts of the cultural heritage of the Russian people.

As the main means of education, folk pedagogy uses all components of folk culture: folklore, songs, fairy tales, proverbs, riddles, sayings, holidays. It is they who reveal the content of the upbringing and education of children. The basic moral rules and ideals of understanding good and evil, the norms of communication and human relations, reflect the worldview of a person through mythology, religion, legends and beliefs. Thanks to them, the aesthetic views of the people are revealed, they decorate everyday life, work and leisure.

Folk games are a traditional means of pedagogy. They clearly reflect the way of life of people, their way of life, work, foundations; the idea of honor, courage, courage, the desire to be strong, dexterous, hardy, fast, move beautifully, be distinguished by ingenuity, endurance, creative invention, resourcefulness, will and desire to win.

The game has always been a natural companion of a child's life, a source of joyful emotions. In children's games, echoes of ancient times, the realities of a bygone life, have been preserved. In Russian folk games, the color of customs, the originality of self-expression, the people, the originality of the language, form, and content of colloquial texts have been preserved.

Children love funny counting rhymes, draws, accompanying games. Sometimes counting rhymes consist entirely of meaningless words and consonances - this is due to the fact that they have passed from adult folklore.

The game has long occupied an important place in the life of a child. Thanks to her, children learn to independently find a way out of a critical situation, quickly make decisions and implement them, and take the initiative. Folk games form the development of personality.

The word has a special power of influence on man and nature. The word is connected with music and movement, playing musical instruments, dancing, stamping - play a huge role in folk traditions. In proverbs and sayings, folk life is widely reflected in the genre of folklore. They can be called an encyclopedia of folk life.

Popular sayings contain a whole program of raising children, solving the problems of mental, aesthetic, physical, labor, family education.

The value of folk traditions is enormous, they need to be preserved, and children should be introduced to folk traditions, Russian folk culture.