Conversation "how people of different latitudes celebrate the New Year." Lesson summary "What is New Year?" (Middle group) Conversation the new year has come to us lesson
Conversation for juniors "Where are you from New Year"
Description of work: This material will be useful for teachers of secondary schools, teachers of additional education, for 7-10 year olds and their parents.Alyabyeva Marina Viktorovna teacher of additional education, MBUDO Central Children's Education Center of the city of Dimitrovgrad, Ulyanovsk region.
Goals: formation of interest in Russian traditions.
Tasks:
- systematize children’s knowledge and ideas about Russian traditions,
- develop children’s cognitive processes and desire to expand their horizons,
- to develop a sense of pride in one’s country and its traditions.
Progress of the conversation.
Dear guys, winter has come, and we will all very soon celebrate the New Year, one of our most favorite holidays. But probably few people have ever wondered why the New Year is celebrated so magnificently and where did this tradition even come from!?
Today I want to tell you about this.
In Russia, since the introduction of Christianity, chronology began in March or from the day of Holy Easter. In 1492, Grand Duke John III approved the decree of the Moscow Council to count September 1 as the beginning of the year. It is important to say that until 1700, Russia counted the years “from the creation of the world.” But this was not entirely convenient since Russia was beginning to establish connections with Europe and such a “time difference” was a big hindrance. In 1699, Peter I issued a decree to celebrate the New Year from the Nativity of the God-Man on January 1 instead of September 1, referring to the European peoples for their rhythm of life and traditions. Peter I was a sharp and decisive man and celebrating the New Year on September 1 was prohibited.
And on December 15, 1699, to the beat of drums, the royal clerk announced to the people the will of the king: that as a sign of a good beginning and the beginning of a new century, after thanksgiving to God and prayer singing in the church, it was ordered along the central, large streets, and in front of the houses of wealthy, wealthy people decorate pine, spruce or juniper trees. In those distant times, decorations were any utensils. This tradition has survived to this day, only the decorations became more and more refined with each era. And the poor people were ordered to attach fir branches to the gates and also decorate them. And so that it ripens by the 1st of 1700 of this year, and the decorations should be in place until the 7th of the same year. On the first day of January, wish everyone a Happy New Year. On Red Square, arrange fire parties and organize shooting. They were ordered to fire three volleys from small cannons and rifles in their yards and fire several rockets. From January 1 to January 7, bonfires were lit at night, fires made from wood, brushwood, and straw. On December 31 at 12 o'clock at night, Peter I went out onto Red Square with a torch in his hands and launched the first rocket into the sky.
New Year's traditions caught on very quickly and people really liked them. In those days, Christmastide was already celebrated very brightly and spectacularly. Many old rituals: funny carnivals, mummers' tricks, sleigh rides, midnight fortune-telling and round dances around the Christmas tree fit perfectly into the New Year's holiday. From now on and forever, this holiday was enshrined in the Russian calendar.
Many of you probably have a question, where did the tradition of celebrating the Old New Year come from!?
The tradition of celebrating the Old New Year on January 13 comes from the discrepancy between the Julian calendar or the “old style” calendar and the Gregorian calendar - the one by which almost the whole world now lives. The calendars differ by 13 days.
That is why, on the night of January 13-14, everyone can celebrate another New Year and congratulate all their loved ones! It’s not for nothing that there is an opinion “The mysterious Russian soul!” I would like to wish everyone a pleasant New Year's Eve that brings joy!
Conversation in kindergarten about the New Year holiday
Bykova Tatyana Valerievna, music directorPlace of work: MBDOU "Shuysky kindergarten", Vologda region, Mezhdurechensky district, Shuyskoye village
Conversation with preschoolers about New Year celebrations
Description: The material from this conversation will be useful to preschool teachers, additional education teachers, primary school teachers, parents; the material can be used in preparing for the New Year celebration.Target: Introducing children to the traditions of New Year celebrations in different countries.
Tasks: Expand children's understanding of how the New Year was celebrated in different countries.
Progress of the conversation:
New Year is the most joyful holiday, and probably one of the oldest in the whole world. The main winter holiday brings magic and the expectation of a miracle, a fairy tale and faith in the best. Each country has its own customs and main characters of the New Year. And it’s no secret that children are waiting for surprises, gifts and the main guest - Santa Claus! And in every country there is Santa Claus.
In Russia, it is customary to celebrate the New Year on December 31st at midnight. According to tradition, the attribute of the New Year holiday is a Christmas tree, coniferous branches are a symbol of life, renewed and eternal. Jewelry and toys also have magical powers; they symbolize everything cherished, everything that we want to wish for ourselves.
There was a time when the New Year in Russia was celebrated in the fall - on September 1st. There was a tradition: at midnight the roar of a glowing cannon was heard from the walls of the Moscow Kremlin, followed by the bells of all the capital's church churches. The New Year was celebrated - the cycle of change in nature.
And when the Russian Tsar Peter I issued a decree in 1700, according to which the onset of the New Year should be celebrated on January 1, People began to decorate their houses with pine, spruce and juniper branches, held fire parties and festive shooting.
Over time, they began to decorate the Christmas trees brought into the house. And the green beauty turned into one of the symbols of this holiday, becoming its main decoration, along with Father Frost and the Snow Maiden.
By the way, Santa Clauses look different in all countries. Our Russian Father Frost wears a fur coat down to his toes, felt boots, a tall fur hat, and holds a staff and a bag of gifts in his hands. He lives in Veliky Ustyug in his fabulous mansion
In America, New Year's grandfather - Santa Claus - wears a short red jacket and a funny cap on his head. He travels through the air on a reindeer sled and enters children's homes through a chimney.
In Belgium and Poland, New Year's grandfather Saint Nicholas is considered the very first Father Frost, because, as an ancient legend says, he left golden apples in a shoe in front of the fireplace for his family who sheltered him.
Saint Nicholas wears a white robe and rides a horse, accompanied by a Moorish servant, Black Peter, who helps carry a heavy bag of gifts for obedient children. Naughty people do not receive gifts - Black Peter carries the rod for them.
In France, a grandfather with a staff and a wide-brimmed hat, called Père Noël (“Grandfather of Christmas”), puts gifts straight down the chimney.
The Swedish grandfather - Jologomten - puts gifts by the stove, and the German Father Frost leaves his gifts on the windowsill.
Mexican children find gifts in their shoes, and English children in their socks.
With the first stroke of the New Year's clock, the English and Scots open the back door of the house to let out the Old Year, and with the last stroke of the clock they open the front door, letting in the New Year.
In Italy, on New Year's Day, grandfather Babo Nattale and the good fairy Befana come to visit children. They give gifts to obedient children, which they leave on the balcony, while lazy and capricious children only get a coal.
And on New Year’s Eve, Italians also throw old things out of the windows - cracked flower pots, tattered chairs, holey boots fly onto the pavement... The more things you throw away, residents of sunny Italy believe, the more wealth the new year will bring.
The funniest name, perhaps, is that of the Finnish Santa Claus - Joulupukki (in Finnish “joulu” means Christmas, and “pukki” means goat).
This name was not given to him by chance: many years ago he wore a goat skin and delivered gifts to children riding on a small goat.
Not far behind Joulupukki is the Uzbek snow grandfather Korbobo, who in a striped robe delivers gifts to children riding on a donkey. The Snow Maiden Korgyz accompanies him.
In Mongolia, grandfather Uvlin Uvgun wears the clothes of a cattle breeder because the Mongolian New Year coincides with the cattle breeding holiday.
An Australian Santa Claus named Sylvester rides a kangaroo across the country wearing only swimming trunks and on a scooter - it is unusually hot there on the holiday.
In Greece and Cyprus, the New Year's grandfather is called Saint Basil. Saint Basil was known for his kindness, and Greek children leave their shoes by the fireplace in the hope that Saint Basil will fill the shoes with gifts.
In Spain - Papa Noel, in Cambodia - Grandfather Zhar, in Colombia - Papa Pascual, in the Netherlands - Sanderklaas, in Romania - Mosh Jerile, in the Czech Republic - Grandfather Mikulas.
In Belgium and the Netherlands, there is a belief that a person’s behavior on the first day of the new year determines what awaits him in the coming year. Therefore, on this day people try to do nothing. They prepare a lot of delicious food in advance and wear something new. There is another custom that is widespread in other countries - choosing the king of the holiday. To do this, housewives bake a pie in which the beans are baked. Whoever gets a piece of bean pie becomes king for the entire holiday. The king himself selects his queen and retinue: a court jester, a nobleman, “Black Peter”, etc.
Irish Santa Claus wears a green fur coat.
But, for example, in Norway, little brownies - nisse - give gifts to children.
They wear knitted caps and love sweets very much. Therefore, in order to appease them and receive more gifts, on New Year's Eve children lay out various delicacies around the house in secluded corners.
In Hungary, on the morning of the first day of the new year, they wash their hands not with soap, but with coins - so that money does not transfer in their hands all year. In Hungary, they also believe in the magical power of New Year's products; it is believed that nuts will protect from harm, garlic from disease, support energy and fortitude - beans and peas, apples will help preserve beauty and give love.
In Yugoslavia, for the New Year, various objects are placed on the table: a pine twig (for luck), a ring (for a wedding), a doll (for the birth of a child), money (for wealth) and cover them with a fur hat. Then everyone sitting at the table must pull out an object three times, and if he gets the same one three times, this means that in the New Year the event that this object symbolizes awaits him.
In Japan, on New Year's Eve, bunches of straw are hung in front of the entrance to the house, which, according to residents, attracts happiness and scares away evil spirits. When the New Year begins, the Japanese begin to laugh, believing that laughter will bring them good luck in the coming year. The Japanese Santa Claus is called Oji-san.
In all countries of the world, traditions and customs on how to celebrate the New Year are different. In every country, Santa Claus is called by his own name, but all nations have one common idea - to make special and good wishes for the New Year, which must be fulfilled by the will of fate or the magic of the holiday.
Depending on where you live in India, New Year is celebrated in different ways. Residents of northern India decorate themselves with flowers in shades of pink, red, purple, or white.
In India, on New Year's Eve, parents place small gifts on a tray, and on New Year's morning, children must wait with their eyes closed until they are brought to the tray.
Program content:
Expand and enrich children's knowledge about the history of the New Year holiday;
Continue to introduce the artistic word;
To develop the ability to coordinate a noun with an adjective;
Develop the ability to navigate time and space, work with a plan;
To cultivate in children kindness, responsiveness, and the desire to help.
Equipment: multimedia support - presentation “What is New Year?”, logorhythmic exercise “New Year’s Engine”, video projector, winter trees, station model, city plan, letter from Africa, New Year’s toys, photographs for a surprise moment.
Integration of educational areas:“Physical education”, “Health”, “Safety”, “Socialization”, “Cognition”, “Communication”, “Artistic creativity”, “Music”.
Methodical techniques:
Psychological org. moment, conversation, artistic expression, viewing and conversation on slides, using motivation, working with a plan, using health-saving technologies, TRIZ - creating a problem situation, a surprise moment, noise special effects.
Progress of direct educational activities
Educator: Hello children! You are the best children in the world. These are the good and handsome people I invite today to talk about... and you will find out what we will talk about when you guess the riddle.
Educator: Come in and take your seats.
Listen carefully.
A young guy stood on the first step,
a gray-haired old man came to the twelfth step,
A young guy stood on the first step.
What kind of young guy took the first step?
What kind of gray-haired old man came to the 12th step?
What are these steps?
Educator: What does the riddle say?
Children: About the old and the new year.
Educator: What is the name of the holiday that we celebrate at the time of the change between the old and new years?
Children: New Year.
Educator: Who knows poems about the New Year.
Children read poetry.
(There is a knock on the door, the postman comes and brings a letter.)
Educator: Guys, look what this is?
Children: Letter.
Educator: Let's read what is written here.
Text of the letter: Dear children from Russia, we live in Africa. In Africa it is always warm and there is no snow. For the New Year, we have this tradition: you need to touch the elephant that is being led along the street, because it gives people strength, courage, and wisdom. We heard that this is not how you celebrate New Year. They decorate your Christmas tree, and some kind of Santa Claus comes to visit. Why is he coming and who is he? We know what a Christmas tree is, but we don’t know how you decorate it. We'd really like to know. Please tell us, respectfully African children.
Educator: Guys, what should we do? Children from Africa don’t know how we celebrate the New Year.
Educator: You want to help them, tell them how we celebrate the New Year in Russia.
Children: Of course we do.
Educator: In order for you to help African children, you yourself must learn a lot about the history of this holiday, so pay attention to the screen.
Educator: Take your seats in the auditorium.
View the presentation “What is New Year?”
Educator: Now, if you find yourself in Africa or somewhere else, you can tell us where this holiday came from and how we celebrate it. I propose to send this presentation to African children. Do you agree.
Children: Certainly.
Educator: We will send them the film, but they don’t know how we decorate the Christmas tree, let’s show them. Where can we get it?
Children: In a store, at a market, in a forest.
Educator: Well done, I want to invite you to visit the Christmas tree in the forest.
And we will go there on a New Year's train. Do you agree?
Educator: Who knows where the locomotive departs from?
Children: From the station
Educator: Is there a train station in our city?
Children: There is a train station in our city of Barabinsk.
Educator: Who knows where he is?
(Children's answers)
Educator: A map will help us get to the station.
(Working with a map.)
Educator: Let's take a look at it and hit the road.
We figured out the map, in order to hit the road you need to get dressed.
Educator: We quickly get dressed and get to the station quickly, otherwise we’ll be late for the train.
Children put on clothes (imitation of movements).
Educator: Is everyone ready? Let's get up in pairs and hit the road.
Logorhythmic speech:
We first go straight, and then go left, at the pharmacy we turn right, then another right, and now left, we approached the crossing bridge. The bridge is a high-risk zone, so everyone must be careful, we walk one after another slowly, and do not push each other.
Educator: Here is the station.
The New Year's train departs from the first track to the forest; we ask passengers to take their seats (special noise effect).
Educator: We are invited to board, take your seats in the carriage.
Logorhythmic exercise
"New Year's Engine"
Educator: So we reached the forest. Guys, look how beautiful it is, and how fresh and clean the air is.
Let's breathe with you. (Breathing exercises.)
It’s easy to breathe, but it’s frosty, my hands are a little frozen, and yours? Let's warm them up. (Finger gymnastics.)
Educator: Look, there's a Christmas tree. What is she like?
Children's answers.
Educator: She really is a beauty, it’s a shame to chop, but what could happen if everyone comes into the forest with an ax?
Children's answers.
Children: You can decorate a Christmas tree in the forest.
Educator: It’s a good idea, and I also brought some toys, I knew that you wouldn’t want to chop down the tree. Here's a chest with toys, let's decorate the Christmas tree.
Educator: Guys, I suggest taking a photo near the tree and sending the photo to Africa along with the disk, let the guys see how elegant the tree can be. Do you agree?
Children take pictures near the Christmas tree.
Educator: There is so much snow in the forest, let's play in the snow.
Simulation of a snowball fight. (Physical minute.)
A locomotive whistle sounds (special noise effect)
Educator: It's time to head back.
They return to kindergarten.
Logorhythmic exercise “New Year's train”
Educator: Here we are at the station. You and I visited a magical forest, and I learned a little how to do miracles, if you close your eyes, I will make it so that you find yourself in kindergarten, do you want it? Close your eyes. Open it up. Look where we ended up?
Children: In kindergarten.
Educator: Take off your clothes. Has everyone undressed? (Imitation of movements)
Educator: And while you are undressing, I have prepared a surprise for you, look at these photos from our trip.
Educator: You enjoyed today's trip, you were satisfied, we did a good deed, this is very good. Now we need to send the film and photograph to Africa. Let's go to a group to write a letter to African children.
For preschoolers about the New Year holiday
Vitskova Marina Viktorovna, teacher of the State Autonomous Educational Institution JSC Secondary Professional Education "Chernoyarsk Provincial College" structural unit of the Kindergarten "Golden Fish" of the Astrakhan region, Chernoyarsk district.This material will be useful for educators when conducting a thematic conversation in an older group.
Target: Introduce children to the traditions of celebrating the New Year in Russia and other countries of the world. Systematize children's knowledge about the celebration of the New Year in different countries, develop cognitive interest.
Summary of the thematic conversation “How we celebrate the New Year” in the senior group.
Progress of the conversation.
Educator. Hello children. I'm glad to see you. Guys, look how beautiful and elegant our group is.-Have you guessed why? What holiday will we have soon? (New Year)
That's right, well done. Children, what do you think, why do groups decorate for the holiday?
(To make it beautiful, festive, elegant, joyful, fun, magical)
Educator. Today we will talk to you about celebrating the New Year.
I think our conversation will be interesting. After all, the New Year's Eve -
an ancient tradition that exists among all peoples of the world. And although this holiday is celebrated in different ways, its main decoration is what? (Christmas tree)
-Who decorated the Christmas tree at home?
-What was your Christmas tree like?
-What toys did you decorate her with?
(Children's answers)
Educator. Children, look, I have a Christmas tree. But is there something missing from it? (Jewelry). Let's decorate the Christmas tree.
Exercise "Let's decorate our Christmas tree"
Educator. Our Christmas tree turned out beautiful and elegant.Many stories, fairy tales, and poems have been written about the beautiful New Year tree.
-How many of you know poems about the Christmas tree? Let him tell them to us.
1. Herringbone, herringbone
Bright lights!
Beads, beads
The Christmas tree is ringing!
2.Before the holiday it’s winter
For a green Christmas tree
White dress herself
I sewed it without a needle.
3. Shaked off the white snow
Christmas tree with a bow
And stands more beautiful than everyone else
In a green dress.
4. Green suits her
Elka knows this
How is she on New Year's Eve?
Well dressed!
Educator. Well done, the guys told wonderful poems!
Now listen to me.
New Year is the most beloved holiday for both adults and children. Previously, the New Year was celebrated in March. It was at this time that field work began, and March was considered the first month of the year. For example, far away in Asia, the New Year is celebrated in the heat of the day, so when people meet, they pour water on each other. And in Bulgaria, when people gather for a New Year’s celebration, they turn off the lights for two or three minutes. And in Italy, before the New Year, people throw away old, unnecessary things and replace them with new ones.
Today, almost everywhere, the New Year is celebrated on the night from the thirty-first of December to the first of January.
Educator. Children, who is the main character of the New Year's holiday? Guess the riddle.
This grandfather has many grandchildren
The grandchildren often grumble at their grandfather
On the street, grandfather pesters them,
He grabs your fingers and pulls your ears. (Santa Claus)
Physical education session "New Year" is being held
Educator. Guys, let's now draw a New Year's card and give it to our friends so that they know how we celebrate the New Year.(Children complete the task)
Educator. Well, our conversation with you has come to an end. We found it interesting. Today you have learned a lot and will be able to tell your friends and acquaintances at home. Thank you!
When working together on the topic “New Year is coming” - the problematic situation “When is the New Year celebrated”, “What gifts to give for the holiday”, conversation “Who is Santa Claus”, “What traditions of the New Year holiday do you know?” - revealed the problem that children have no idea about the New Year. Children have superficial knowledge, they are not familiar with the history of the holiday, they do not know about the traditions of celebrating the New Year in Russia, where Santa Claus came from. There was a need to develop and implement a system of events within the framework of the project “Soon, New Year is coming!”
Hypothesis:
In the course of activities to familiarize children with the history of the holiday in Russia, with its traditions, their level of awareness in these matters will increase. When developing this project, joint activities of teachers, children, and parents are planned for closer contact so that parents take an active part in the development of their child.
Target:
Familiarize children with the history of the holiday in Russia and its traditions.
Tasks:
- Expand children's ideas about the New Year holiday, highlight its characteristic features: attributes, attitude and mood of people, rules of behavior, traditions.
- Create a desire to participate in preparations for the holiday (decorating the group, making crafts, memorizing poems, songs, dances).
- Involve parents as active participants in the life of the group in preparation for the New Year holiday.
Participants:
teachers, parents, children
Project implementation period: 10.12.2014 – 25.12.2014.
Project type: informational and creative.
Distribution of duties:
Teacher:
A selection of visual and didactic material on the New Year theme. A selection of fiction - stories, poems, Russian folk tales. A selection of New Year's songs. A selection of various materials for children's productive activities. Conducts discussions: “New Year”, “Who is Santa Claus”, “Why I love the New Year”, organizes viewing of the presentation “Visiting Santa Claus”. Develops a holiday script. Produces didactic games “Collect a picture” and “Find a pair”. Organizes an exhibition of children's works on a New Year theme. Involves parents in preparing for the New Year holiday.
Parents:
Participate in preparations for the New Year holiday and decorating the group. They will organize an exhibition of fiction on a New Year's theme. They make crafts with the children on a New Year's theme - Christmas trees, snowmen, boots.
Children: participate in events within the framework of the “New Year is coming soon!” project.
Stage 1: Preparatory - 10.12. – 12.12.
- Determining the theme of the project.
- Formulation of the goals and objectives of the project.
- Drawing up an event plan, preparing for events.
- Individual meetings with parents.
Stage 2: Main – 15.12. – 24.12.
Joint and independent activities of children and adults:
- Conversations with children:
- What is New Year?
- What is the history of the holiday?
- Where does Santa Claus live?
- Why do they decorate the Christmas tree for New Year?
- Who should I give gifts to?
- Reading fiction:
- Russian folk tales “Snow Maiden”, “Morozko”;
- Tokmakova I. “Live, Christmas tree!”;
- L. Voronkova “How they decorated the Christmas tree”;
- r.n.s. "Frost and the Hare."
- Drawing “Christmas tree”;
- Modeling "Snowman";
- Application “Decorating the Christmas tree”;
- Group decoration for the New Year;
- Creation of greeting cards and invitations;
- Learning dances and songs;
- Didactic games “Collect a picture”, “Find a pair”, “Cut pictures”;
- Watching cartoons;
- Viewing the presentation “Visiting Grandfather Frost”;
- Final – diagnostic conversation “New Year – a holiday of magic”
and joy."
Stage 3: Final – 12/25/2014.
New Year's party "Visiting the Christmas tree."
Methodological support for project activities:
Integrated thematic planning according to the program “From birth to school” edited by N.E. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva – middle group.
Expected Result:
Interior
- Children have increased their level of knowledge about the history of the holiday and its traditions
- Children eagerly participate in decorating the group, making crafts with their parents, and in preparing for the matinee - learning songs and dances.
- The majority of parents (80%) took part in organizing the New Year's party in kindergarten and decorating the group.
An exhibition of creative works on New Year's themes has been created - Christmas trees, snowmen, boots.
Broadcast of the project:
- performance at the Moscow Region.
Project prospects:
Replenishing the equipment of the method room - the portfolio of the project “Soon, New Year is coming!”
